Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Glycolysis is the First Step - Coggle Diagram
Glycolysis is the First Step
Intro
Cellular respiration and combustion have similarities, as well as differences.
-They are both chemical reactions.
-They both need oxygen to release energy and heat.
-We do not have combustion occurring in our bodies; we have cellular respiration occurring
-Combustion occurs very quickly and releases all of a substance's energy at once
Example:
The hamburger and salad you just ate for lunch would basically explode, flooding your body with energy immediately. You would feel a quick burst of energy, but the power would run out just as quickly.
Cellular respiration releases energy very slowly and through a series of many steps.
The first necessary step is glycolysis.
Glycolysis is needed for cellular respiration to proceed, scientists tend to lump glycolysis in as part of cellular respiration. Since these steps are so connected, we study them together, but they are separate processes. It is also important to remember that glycolysis does not always lead to cellular respiration.
Glycolysis Is the First Step
Cellular respiration is extremely complex
. Oxygen does not react directly with glucose( glycolysis is anaerobic, which means that it does not use oxygen, however, is required for cellular respiration).
Glycolysis is a step that must occur before cellular respiration can occur.
(must happen in the cytoplasm before cellular respiration can proceed inside the mitochondria). Glycolysis produces a few ATP molecules, but the products then move to the mitochondria to produce many more ATPs. Oxygen is the substance that allows for aerobic organisms to produce many more ATPs per glucose molecule. Simply put,
cellular respiration is very efficient.
Glycolysis produces a few ATP molecules, but the products then move to the mitochondria to produce many more ATPs
Oxygen is the substance that allows for aerobic organisms to produce many more ATPs per glucose molecule
Details of Glycolysis
Glycolysis starts
when two ATP molecules are used to add energy to a glucose molecule. Glucose is a carbohydrate macromolecule (sugar) with a
molecular formula of C6H12O6
. Glucose is the product of photosynthesis.
ATP is the energy (or currency) that is needed for the cell to perform its functions.
The molecule of glucose is split into two 3-carbon molecules. These 3-carbon molecules (glucose) are
not finished.
There are more enzymes and reactions that will occur to rearrange these 3-carbon molecules.
Second Series of Reactions
The 3-carbon molecules give up some high-energy electrons. These energized electrons are added to molecules of
NAD
+ to form
NADH molecules
NADH is an electron carrier that will enter into cellular respiration to get more energy.
This is similar to NADPH, used in photosynthesis.
Third Series of Reactions
Additional reactions must take place to convert each 3-carbon molecules to pyruvate.
Pyruvate (C3H3O3) still consists of 3-carbon atoms, but in a different arrangement.
These pyruvates move into the mitochondria to enter the process of cellular respiration. This step also produces four ATP molecules.
Glycolysis produces a net gain of two ATPs. These two ATP molecules are deposited in the glycolysis 'bank' for each glucose molecule, and two ATP are withdrawn.
Cell