Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Cybernetics Self Organising Systems, Part 2 The Use and Abuse of…
Cybernetics
Self
Organising Systems
Part 1
Love and Power
Ayn Rand 1950's-philosophy
-Objectivism (no control or
governing bodies over us). Group called The Collective.
Silicon Valley
Tech Entrepeneurs
inspired by Rand
Californian Ideology
belief that computer networks
could control and stabilise self
organising societies.
Alan Greenspan member
of The Collective. Economic
Consultant to Wall St.1874
1992 Greenspan instrumental
in persuading Clinton to let
the
machines run the markets.
Boom USA. 1996 Greenspan warned
markets overvalued forced to change
his view. Property boom in S E Asia
1997/98 collapse of housing
bubble S E Asia.. IMF loans-economy
collapsed - loans paid investors off.
and they took their money out of the country
2001 - 9/11 - driven by radical
individualism.
2008 Collapse USAUK
Chaos and instability. The politicians
bailed out the investors again.
The idea of self organization was taken from nature,
but it was a fallacy; it was an idea taken from machines.
Revolutions/hippy communes - all failed. - power tore them apart.
Strong personalities began to dominate the groups. The rules of the group resulted in creating a hierarchal structure. Limitations of self organizing parliament.
2003 Revolutions in Asia and Europe. Internet
brought millions of people together who wanted freedom.
1970-Connect globally through
the World Wide Web. Self-organization.
One people one world.
1972 Computer warns of environmental
crisis in first decades of next century.Forrester believed
the world needed to stay in a state of equilibrium to avoid
the crisis. Critics saw this as a mode of control; carry on. Ones in
power were happy with this.
Mid 1970's flaw exposed in Ecosystem.
Nature did not tend towards stability.
Nature always in a state of change. Unpredicatable,
unstable. Fires/tornados/floods.
2001 The idea of self organization
continued to grow.
The idea of the balance of nature was needed by
the elite to keep things as they were.
Part 3
The Monkey in the Machine and
the Machine in the Monkey
Late 1950's massacres in Rwanda-Belgians
used myth to turn tribes against each other. Belgian liberals give Rwanda Independence to make up for Imperial past.
1963 George Hamilton:genes-
Function to transmit a vital code across
time for all eternity (Ayn Gant's philosophy - the world dies but we
live on - through our ancestors.
1967 George Price developed Hamilton's
equations on genes. Hamilton and Price
developed a theory -the selfish gene-the process
worked in reverse. Coded genes of a murderer.
Humans were self-replicating.
Price reasoned that if human behaviour
could be rationally explained ie murder - then
that changed things morally No god. Humans no
higher up in the system than animals.
Price-suicide-cut his carotid arte4ry-bled to death
act of free will.
Hamilton famous - wrote
The Narrow Roads of Gene Land. Eugenics..
2000 Hamilton studied Aids in the Congo.
Altruism- concern for the well-being of others.
A gene would destroy itself it it meant it would save
others-allow more related copies of itself to survive.
1998-2003 refugees fled from Rwanda to Zaire.
West involved again.
trying to help made it worse. (altruism) Everyone wanted the minerals.
Richard Dawkins-the gene is the immortal
replicator-the selfish gene not the selfish individual-the
immortal soul. Soul now a computer -no distinction between
good and evil. Humans have no free will.
Jan Smuts 1926-holism-All humans and
animals have their place. White supremacy-helped
British Imperialism which was starting to struggle.
Arthur Tansley 1935 - Ecosystem
Interconnected circuits linking animals and plants
If disturbed would regulate and stabilise themselves.
An underlying balance of nature as if it were a machine
late 1960's ecosystems and cybernetics had fused together - would change the world- based on nature without corruption.
1968 development of small personal computers/networks. Power to the people through feedback. People could be free. Computers would liberate society. They would save the world. Everyone would be connected globally. - a global system with no governing body.
Hippy communes 1969-71 built Fuller's domes
ecotechnics-part of a system that will stabilise itself
No politics. self organising system. Didn't work. Domineering personalities.
Bullying of the weak. No way to stop this as no one in control. Showed limitations of self organizing systems.
Buckminster Fuller-Geodesic dome-eco friendly.
1970's Howard and Eugene Odum discovered there was energy
between animals and plants. they distorted the system-made it fit their circuits in order to gain notoriety. Their system used predictability - animals behaved like robots - but this was completely wrong.
Jay Forrester-believed we are all in a system
regulated and governed by feedback-this is how
order is regulated in the world. Developed America's early
warning system in 1950's - feedback loops.
Part 2
The Use and Abuse of Vegetational Concepts