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06 THE RESTORATION OF ABSOLUTISM
THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA
Three main objectives were proposed
To restore absolutism under a new name: legitimism
To create an alliance, called the Holy Alliance
To restore the boundaries on the map of Europe
There were many participants, but the powers that led and conditioned the Congress were
Prussia
Russia
Austria
Great Britain
After Napoleon’s defeat, the victorious countries met at the Congress of Vienna
meetings were not interrupted during the brief restoration of the Napoleonic Empire
THE NEW MAP OF EUROPE
Congress of Vienna agreed to maintain a territorial balance between the great powers
Two new kingdoms were created to control France’s expansion to the east
Netherlands
Piedmont-Sardinia
the Italian territory remained divided
France’s pre-Revolution borders were restored
Norway was ceded to Sweden
Holy Empire was replaced by the German Confederation
had little real power and was made up of several states
Eastern Europe was divided between Austria, Russia and Prussia
led to the partition of Poland.
THE LIMITS OF RESTORATION
powers that defeated Napoleon tried to restore the situation to how it was before the French Revolution
France’s revolutionary experience represented a point of no return
Napoleon’s successes throughout Europe helped spread liberal ideals such as equality before the law among subjects of absolute monarchies
Napoleon’s occupation of large territories awakened the national identity of people
Louis XVIII adopted the French Charter in 1814, as ordered by the Congress of Vienna
