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THE HANOVERIANS AND THE AUGUSTAN AGE - Coggle Diagram
THE HANOVERIANS AND THE AUGUSTAN AGE
THE WHIGS AND THE TORIES
political scene was dominated by two parts
THE WHIGS
They descend from parliamentarians, are supported by the wealthy and the merchant classes, and fought for: commercial development - a vigorous foreign policy - religious toleration.
THE TORIES
They descend from Royalists, are supported by the Church of England and the landowners, and fought for the divine right of the King.
A GOLDEN AGE
Cultural innovation and public debate
"good breeding"
virtues
politeness
moderation
rationality
Enlightened thinkers
reject puritans
reject extremism
Called AUGUSTAN after the Roman Period
political stability
flourishing of the arts
power
18th CENTURY IDEALS
INDIVIDUALISM
Simplicity
Emotional authenticity
PRAGMATISM
enterprise
enrichment
initiative
THE ENLIGHTENMENT
Faith servers to achieve happiness
aiming the free the mind of man from ignorance
Discovery pristine state of nature
reason developed by education and questions traditional doctrines
Intellectual movement
EXPLORATIONS
NATIVE PEOPLES
Australia, New Zelanda, Hawaii
CAPTAIN COOK
Royal Society
commissions voyages to New Zelanda
REASON to discover new lands
optimism
belief
CHANGING SOCIETY
Population growth
MIDDLE CLASSES
tradesman
professionals
merchants
shopkeepers
artisans
POOR
rural poor go to the city becoming
UPPER CLASSES
manufacters
wealthy merchants
tradesmen
A nes view of nature
nature, kind and beautiful
the enlightened thinkers
improve and understand the world
optimistic view of the natural world
they reject the Calvinist beliefs
AN AGE OF DEBATE
Coffee-houses
periodicals and pamphlets
frequented by fashionable and artistic people
exclusive for men
gathering points for social and professional network