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Global Hazards II - Coggle Diagram
Global Hazards II
Tectonic plates
The earth crust is broken in pieces, which are called tectonic plates
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Convection currents
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It heats up, and becomes less dense, so it rises
As it moves to the top of the mantle, it begins to cool down, it becomes more dense and it starts to sink
This circular movement is called convection currents, and it causes the plates to move
Ridge push: New crust rises because it is warm and thin, creating a ridge. It pushed the old crust away from the ridge
Slab pull: Old crust is cooler and thicker than the hot mantle, so it sinks
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Collision plate boundary
When two continental plates push against each other, they collide
Continental plates are less dense than the mantle beneath them, so there is no subduction, and no volcanic activity
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The pressure built up by the plates pushing against each other also causes the crust to crack into faults which can trigger earthquakes fairly close to the earths surface
The Himalayan fold mountains were formed by the Indian plate and Eurasian plate, the mountains are still being folded upwards at a rate of more than 10mm a year, devastating earthquakes still occur
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Earth'structure
The outer layer is known as the crust, made from Continental and Oceanic crust.
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The next part is the Mantle, which is 2890km deep where temperatures reach 4000 degrees
The next part is the core, which is made from 2 parts. The outer core is liquid, an temperatures reach 6000 degrees, while the inner core is solid iron and nikel