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To make 3 different antacid tablets and determine which antacid tablet is…
To make 3 different antacid tablets and determine which antacid tablet is the most effective in neutralising acid in the stomach.
What is an antacid tablet? An antacid tablet is a basic drug that helps in neutralising stomach acidity to relieve indigestion and stomach pain. These tablets come in solid and liquid forms, with the pH of these tablets at around 10.
What is the composition of antacid tablets? An antacid tablet contains common salts such as carbonates and hydroxides. These bases have to be weak enough to make them safe to consume.
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How do antacid tablets neutralise stomach acids? Antacid tablets neutralise stomach acid by stopping pepsin in your stomach, reducing the amount of acid reproduced. This stops the catalyst reaction and ultimately neutralises the stomach acidity. This process involves the antacid to neutralise HCl by using weak bases, creating an acid and base reaction. E.g, Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O. The base between carbonates result in an extra product of carbon dioxide.
Does this harm your stomach? Antacids only temporarily inactivate pepsin in your stomach. It shouldn't be painful to the user but it could lead to slight constipation or cases of diarrhea.
Who needs to take antacids? People who are effected by reflux or a build up of excess hydrochloric acid. However, 1 in 10,000 people have a case of a serious allergic reaction to antacids, and need to be treated right away when an antacid enters their stomach.
What acids are in the stomach? Stomach acid includes hydrochloric acid and stomach enzymes such as pepsin and lipase.
How are we going to recreate the acid? The acid is going to be diluted HCl, with a pH of around 2-2.5. This will give the most accurate acid that can be added to the base.
Where can you buy antacids? Antacids can be bought from pharmacies and supermarkets, in the forms of capsules and liquids. Some possible brands of antacids includes Gaviscon and Mylanta.
What are the ingredients on these antacids? Brands such as sodium alginate, sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate.
What does sodium alginate do? Sodium alginate is a binding agent that helps the ingredients thicken and stick together.
How are we going to measure which tablet is most effective? Each antacid is going to be added to a composition of acid that has a similar pH to stomach acid. After the reaction occurs, universal indicator would be added to the new solution to identify the neutralised pH. The solution with the most neutral pH is 'crowned' as the most effective antacid.
What makes an antacid tablet effective? The chemicals in an antacid determines the effectiveness of the antacid. For example, sodium bicarbonate is more effective than aluminium hydroxide.
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How is this test going to be fair? The test is going to include 3 antacid tablets with the same amount of active antacids in each tablet and add it into the same quantity of acid. The types of antacids are going to change but the type of acid (HCl) is going to be controlled.
How are we going to make antacid tablets? By following tutorials such as Empty Caps Company, we can make different capsules of antacids, each with different bases.
Are there more than one way to make antacid tablets? Yes. some includes using natural sweetners and forming it into a tablet while others include cutting the antacid up and putting into a capsule.
What 3 antacid tablets should you make? For the 3 most accessible antacids to make, the recommendations are sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide. Although the reaction products of carbonates and hydroxides are different, they are both effective in neutralising acid.
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