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CASE RESEARCH - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Third, should the researcher employ a single-case or multiple-case design? The single
        
        case design is more appropriate at the outset of theory generation, if the situation is unique or
        
        extreme, if it is revelatory (i.e., the situation was previously inaccessible for scientific
        
        investigation), or if it represents a critical or contrary case for testing a well-formulated theory.
        
        The multiple case design is more appropriate for theory testing, for establishing generalizability
        
        of inferences, and for developing richer and more nuanced interpretations of a phenomenon.
        
        Fourth, what sites should be chosen for case research? Given the contextualized nature of inferences derived from case research, site selection is a particularly critical issue because selecting the wrong site may lead to the wrong inferences. If the goal of the research is to test theories or examine generalizability of inferences, then dissimilar case sites should be selected to increase variance in observations.
        
        Fifth, what techniques of data collection should be used in case research? Although
        
        interview (either open-ended/unstructured or focused/structured) is by far the most popular
        
        data collection technique for case research, interview data can be supplemented or
        
        corroborated with other techniques such as direct observation (e.g., attending executive
        
        meetings, briefings, and planning sessions), documentation (e.g., internal reports,
        
        presentations, and memoranda, as well as external accounts such as newspaper reports),
        
        archival records (e.g., organization charts, financial records, etc.), and physical artifacts (e.g.,
        
        devices, outputs, tools).
        
        Conducting Case Research
        
        Most case research studies tend to be interpretive in nature. Interpretive case research
        
        is an inductive technique where evidence collected from one or more case sites is systematically
        
        analyzed and synthesized to allow concepts and patterns to emerge for the purpose of building
        
        new theories or expanding existing ones.
        
        Interpretive Case Research Exemplar
        
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