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Enhanced Quality of Deaf Life: Technology - Coggle Diagram
Enhanced Quality of Deaf Life: Technology
Medical Perspectives and Hearing Aids
The first known hearing aids
: Established in the 1800s by
Fredrick C. Rein
in London, in its early years manufactured non-electric hearing aids, such as ear trumpets acoustic urns, and speaking tubes
Hearing Aids in the 1900s
:
Hearing Aids were noticeable on the wearers body
"Most hearings aids are of such size and shapes that they clearly draw attention to the
Imperfection
of the wearers" -Dr. Campbell
Hearing aids become electrical based types in the 1920, helped provide greater benefits for users.
Durning this time, hearing aids were designed to be more concealable
Today hearing aids can be prescribed to fit individual needs
Auditory Enhancement
Cochlear implants
Earliest research of cochlear implants began in the 1950s, and
In 1961, Dr. William House performed the 1st cochlear implant in America
In 1984, cochlear implants began to be used for infants and adults, today the procedure is widespread
A cochlear implant is a mechanical prosthesis that is placed within the ear, bypassing the inner ear; the electrodes are surgically implanted directly into the cochlea to allow sound waves to be interpreted by the auditory nerve. Though cochlear implants do not restore normal hearing, thus a pro to the implants would be that they can help provide a representation of environmental sounds and may help implantees understand speech.
Attitudes on Cochlear Implants
Misconceptions of cochlear implants within the hearing community
Many believe that cochlear implants are meant to restore the hearing deaf or hard of hearing individuals
Many associate cochlear implants with the idea of "curing" or "fixing" the hearing of the deaf community
The Deaf Communities Attitude towards Cochlear Implants
Many within the deaf community, see cochlear implants as attempts to fix the deaf community
Deaf culture: Many within the deaf culture see the use of implants as means of eliminating the deaf culture, as they believe that people will stop using ASL and the language will begin to diminish
Visual/Tactile Alerting devices
Before technology: cats and dogs would wake up their owners, Wind up clocks wired to an electrical lamp.
Today tactile alarms are available, shake pillows to wake people
Communication Access
In absence of telephones, letters would be used as means of communications between friends and family, news was often shared through the mail
Deaf people who lived with or close to hearing people, would use them to pass information via the telephone
Access for the deaf-blind people
**Association of Blind-Deaf and support service providers : act as a link between persons who are deaf-blind and their environment
provide access to the community by making transportation available (by car, bus, or other conveyance and serving as a human guide while walking
Relay visual and environmental information-visual description-that may not be heard or seen by the deaf blind person using the persons preferred language and communication mode
Captioned Movies
1949: open captioned movies first began in Connecticut
Open captions:
are always displayed on the screen, and the viewer does not need to turn on or do anything for them to appear on the screen.
Closed captions:
close captions have the ability to be turned on and off by the viewer.
President Dwight D. Eisenhower: 1958 signed the captioned films for the deaf program into law
Captioned Television Programs
In 1972, Bostons WGBH TV station opened it s 26 captioned tv programs, In 1973, they provided captions for Nixons inauguration
Video Phones
Mass distribution of its videophones in 2003 by Sorenson Communications
Video communication is enabled by video camera, placed on top of a TV, with parties seeing each other on the TV
In theater captioning
3 types: Open captioning (burned on the screen), Rear window captioning (captions are presented on transparent screen units mounted on seat cup holder), personal size captioning (offers palm size captioning)