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Chapter 6: Biodiversity - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 6: Biodiversity
Biological wealth: biota and their ecosystems:
Makes up our ecosystem capital.
Instrumental value: value for humans
Anthropocentrism: humankind is of central importance.
Intrinsic value: value for own sake.
Biocentrism: biosphere is of central importance, including only biotic factors.
Ecocentrism: ecosphere is of utmost importance
Biological wealth is important because it provides instrumental value:
Food and raw materials
Sources for medicine
Recreational
Intrinsic value
Land ethics and Aldo Leopold
Advocated for wilderness protection
Religious support: religious reasons for existence
Main reasons for species decline
Habitat loss (global climate change, loss of resources)
Conversion: converting 1 ecosystem to another (forest to pasture or crop land)
Fragmentation: breaking an ecosystem into smaller ecosystems (construction of canals) (building of houses, roads) (roadway and the diamondback terrapin)
Simplification: removal of parts of an ecosystem (removal of logs) (Olympic National Park)
Intrusion of other species (mugwort)
Invasive species
organisms not native to area that causes environmental damage. (gradual introduction, deliberate introduction, accidental introduction) (Feral pigs-eradicated in 2019 due to hunting but can be located in 35 other states) (Autumn Olive-common in NJ-fixes nitrogen) (Spotted Knapweed-accidentally introduced from Europe) (Kudzu-climbing vine) (Emerald Ash Borer-kills trees because larvae feed on the inside)(House mice) (Zebra mussels) (Lionfish)
Human population growth
Pollution
Chemical
Biological
Physical
Overexploitation (poaching, illegal trade)
Overharvesting of particular species.
Conservation
Individual, business, nonprofit, science, government.
Endangered species legislation