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Skeletal | P.1 | Frida Hernandez - Coggle Diagram
Skeletal | P.1 | Frida Hernandez
Skeletal System
A active living tissue that is designed to protect and support
Bone Function
It gives shape to the head, face, thorax, and limbs. Protects several organs like the eyes, heart, etc
Blood cell formation / hematopoiesis
Red Bone Marrow:
Occupies the bone with red and white blood cell, & pallets
Yellow Bone Marrow:
Stores fat and occupies most cavities of bone in adults
Long:
long with expanded ends; EX: arm and leg bone
Made up of articular cartilage. Periosteum covers the bone. The shaft of the bone is called the diaphysis - which is lined with endosteum. Filled with a special tissue: Bone Marrow
Short:
almost equal in length and width;
EX
: the wrist and ankles
Flat:
plate-like shape with broad surface; EX: ribs, scapula
Irregular:
varied shape; EX: vertebrae, some facial bones
Skeleton Organization
2 major portions: Axial and Appendicular Skeleton
Axial Skeleton: Supports and protects skull, hyoid bone, vertebral column, and thoracic cage
Appendicular Skeleton: Pectoral and pelvic girdle; upper and lower limbs
Infantile skull is much more different compared to the adult skull. It is more squishy / soft spots - Fontanels
The skull consist of 8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones, with 3 bones in each middle ear
The Vertebral Column has 5 different parts that make up this section of the body
Pectoral Girdle w/ Female and Male
The shoulder girdle
supports the upper limb. Composed of 2 scapulae (shoulder blades) and 2 clavicles (collarbones)
Clavicle:
Enlongated, s-shaped bone at the base of the neck, braces scapula; chest and back
Scapula:
Broad, △ boned on sides of back
Upper Limb
is a framework for the arm, forearm, and hand
Humerus, Radius (lateral - thumb side), Ulna (medial - pinky side, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
The Pelvic GIrdle:
Consists of the 2 hip (coxal, pelvic, or innominate) bones
The Coxal Bone:
Made up of 3 bones;
Ilium
(largest),
Ischium
(L-Shaped, posterior), and
Pubis
(anterior)
Joints
Classified by degree of
movement
: Immovable -
synarthrotic
, Slightly movable -
amphiarthrotic
, and Freely movable -
diarthrotic
Cartilaginous Joints:
Connected either by hyaline or fibrocartilage.
EX
- pubic symphsis and First rib w/ sterum
Classified by the type of tissue that
binds
them: Fibrous -
dense C.T
, Cartilaginous -
cartilage
, Synovial -
complex structure
Fibrous Joints:
Most immovable, like skull, but b/w tibia fibula are one of the few movable
Sybovial Joints:
Shock abosorbing pads of fibrocartilage called Mensei or Menscus
These joints are classified by parts and movement
Joint Movement:
The insertion towards fixed ends and orgin