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Topic 1bi: Bonding - Coggle Diagram
Topic 1bi: Bonding
Ionic copmounds
Metals react with non metals, electrons are transferred from the metal to the non metal
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Opposite charged ions are strongly attracted to each other, this strong electrostatic attraction holds the ions together in the ionic compound
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The ions in an ionic compound form a lattice, it has a regular arrangement of ions.
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They are in the solid state at room temperature because there are many strong ionic bonds and large amounts of energy must be transferred to the lattice structure to break these bonds
Often soluble in water, they dissolve to form aqueous solutions
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Ions
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If an atom gains electrons, it has a negative charge, but it looses electrons it has a positive charge
Elements in the same group all have the same amount of electrons on the outer shell, so form ions with the same charge
The overall charge of an ionic compound is 0, so negative charge must balance the positive
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Naming ions
ions ending in -ate, contain oxygen and atleast 1 other element
Ions ending in -ide, contain only one element, apart from hydroxide
Covalent bonding
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Each atom involved has to make enough covalent bonds to fill up its outer shell, which makes the atom more stable
Simple molecules, don't conduct electricity
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