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SPAIN: THE END OF ABSOLUTISM - Coggle Diagram
SPAIN: THE END OF ABSOLUTISM
From Carlos IV of Bourbon to Jose I Bonaparte
Carlos IV's reign began in 1788
Louis XVI, his cousin was imprisoned and put on trial
Spain sent troops to help him figh the National COnvention
When Napoleon came (1799)
Godoy returned to the pollicy of the Family Compacts
They joined forces to implement the Continental Blockade on Great Britain
They were defeated at the Battle of Trafalgar (1805)
Napoleon and Godoy signed the Treaty of Fontainebleau
Allowing French troops to cross Spain to attack Portugal, an ally of England
The heir to the thorne, Fernando, didn't agree with the treaty
Led the Revolt of Aranjuez (1808)
Godoy almost died
Carlos IV had to abdicate
Napoleon maid it clear that his plan wasn't only to cross Spain to attack Portugal
But to occupy Spain too
Ocupation began in 1808
SUmmoned the Royal family to Bayonne
Pressured the King to return the crown to his father
Gave it to Napoleon
Who crowned his brother Jose
Jose I didn't have the support of the people
2 May 1808
People of Madrid rebelled and occupied the capital
Peninsular War
The uprising soon spread thorught the country
Juntas de defensa
were formed in different kindoms to organise the Peninsular War
Junta central
took over the government
French army was very powerful
Had been invincible in Europe until then
Junta central
allied with Great Britain, wich sent troops
Sieges in
Zaragoza
Girona
Vitoria-Gasteiz
Spanish people created guerrillas
Attacking by surprise the French and impeding its movements
This tactic played a key role in the victory over the French
After six years of extreme violence, in 1814
French army withdrew from Spain
From the Constitution to the return to Absolutism
In 1812, the
Junta Central
met
Decided to hold elections
Cortes Generales
On 19 March 1812
The lected deputies met in Cadiz and approved the Constitution
The first one in Spain
Two traditional elements were mantained in the Constitution of 1812
The monarchy
Catholic religion as the only permitted one
The only place not under French control was Cadiz
CONSTITUTION OF 1812
Separation of powers
Universal manhood suffrage
Sovereignity was in the hands of the nation
Fernando VII returned to Spain in 1814
Hid father was dead
He was still a supporter of absolutism
So he supressed the Constitution of 1812
The army suported him
Liberals were persecuted and exiled
