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CHEMISTRY - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Δprotons = different element
      - atomic number (Z) = number of protons
    - - Δneutrons = different isotope same element
  - - - loss/gain of electrons which cause an atom to become charged
        
        anions - negative
        
        cations + PAWsitive
    - - Mendeleev & his periodic table
        
        PATTERNS & TRIADS
        
        Dobereiner & his triads
        
        Mendeleev found that elements in the same group had similar physical properties
        
        alkali metals (G1) = reactive (losing electrons), shiny/lustrous and conductive (as a metal)
        
        noble gases (G8) = unreactive (complete shell), dull and non-conductive (as a non-metal)
        
        bonding
        
        ionic bonds
        
        transfer of electrons
        
        1 more item...
        
        between m & nm
        
        covalent bonds
        
        sharing of electrons
        
        1 more item...
        
        between nm & nm
        
        compounds
        
        carbon dioxide CO2
        
        acetic acid CH3COOH
        
        sodium chloride, NaCl
        
        glucose, C6H12O6
        
        ethanol, C2H5OH
        
        naming
        
        2 more items...
        
        halogens (G7) = reactive (gaining electrons), dull and non-conductive (as a non-metal)
        
        For metals (G1 and G2) – as you go down the group/column, elements become more reactive (Francium, Fr is the most reactive metal)
        
        For non-metals (G7) – as you go up a group/column, elements become more reactive (Fluorine, F is the most reactive non-metal)
      - OCTET RULE
  - - - sharp principle diffuse fundamental (s,p,d,f sub-orbitals)