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Skeletal system- Giselle Zepeda p.2 - Coggle Diagram
Skeletal system- Giselle Zepeda p.2
Differences btwn male & female skeletons
Male: larger joints, penis, smaller pelvis
Female: a bigger pelvis, smaller bones
Joints
saddle
Hinge
Plane
pivot
ball & socket
Condylar
Names of all bones
Axial
maxilla
cervical
mandible
thoracic
zygomatic
lumbar
Nasal
ribs
Frontal
Sternum
Sacrum
Appendicular
Pelvic girdle
Radius & ulna
humerous & femur
Carpals, metacarpals & phalanges
tarsals, metatarsals & phalanges
Fibula & tibia
patella
Clavacle
Bone remodeling
Resorption: osteocytes digest old bone
Reversal: cells appear on the bone surface
Formation: osteoblasts lay down new bone until the resorbed bone is completely replaced
Movements allowed by synovial joints
uniaxial: movement in 1 plane
biaxial: movement in 2 planes
Nonaxial: slipping movements only
multiaxial: movement in or around all 3 planes
Disorders/diseases
Osteogenesis imperfecta: a genetic disorder that causes brittle bones
Osteosarcoma: Malignant bone tumor
Osteoarthritis: protective cartilage at ends of bones wears down
Osteomyelitis: an infection in the bone
Paget's disease: Metabolic bone disease affecting the break down & rebuilding of bone
Types of bones
short bone- cube shaped
flat bone- has a broad surface
irregular bone- a shape that is neither long, short or flat
Long bone- long
Anatomy of the long bone
medullary cavity
yellow bone marrow
compact bone
spongy bone
perforating fibers
articular cartilage
Bone fracture repair
Step 2: the formation of fibrocartilaginous callus
Step 3: formation of bony callus
Step 1: formation of hematoma at the break
Step 4: remodeling & addition of compact bone
Microscopic anatomy of bone tissue
Endosteum
yellow bone marrow
penosteum(covering)
compact bone