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Ancient Egypt ASPIRE Mind Map, image - Coggle Diagram
Ancient Egypt ASPIRE Mind Map
Area
Flooding
Yearly Nile flood that cuts through desert leaves behind rich black soi
used in their fields
Flood would kill plants
They made a canal
Used for irrigation
They used a shaduf to lift water
They put in the canals
Irrigation
The Nile
Nile floods every spring
the flood left silt
Silt was used as farming soil
They called the water the "Natures Gift"
This gift gave them drinking and bathing water
Also supported trade/transportation, gave materials for building, paper, and cloths
Longest river at 4000 miles long
"The Two Lands"
Upper Egypt
Southern, bordering on Nubia
Drier, more mountains
No papyrus, father from river
Lower Egypt
Northern, boarding sea
Wetter more fertile part
Papyrus grew here
Very much alike
Same gods, same language
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Social Structure
The Middle Class
Some middle class people are Soldiers that watch the peasants and other low class people.
The other middle class people are skilled people like doctors and craftspersons.
The Lowest Class
They are poor farmer and slaves
The farmer gave 60% of there crops to the pharaohs
Nobles
They are right under the pharaohs .
They are the only people able to hold the government posts.
Afternoon
After keeping the laundry she makes food for her kids.
Once every thing is quiet she start to get to cook for dinner
Viziers and Scribes
Viziers made sure the taxes are payed
they also appointed as chief minister
scribes work with the Viziers but the help with the government records
They also need a high level of skill and need to know how to read and write
The Highest Class
People of Egypt believed that their pharaohs were gods.
The pharaohs must go to war in it is needed.
All law or rules were ran checked by the pharaohs or made by them
The farmers payed grain taxes to the pharaohs
A Day in the Life of a Woman
They wear a rough linen dress and has a reed necklace with an amulet to help with the danger of childbirth.
The start the day by make breakfast for the family.
They do the laundry with a rock and soap and let it dry
Then she waits for it to dry and her kids to go look for some reeds, straw and dried dung to help the fire.
Inventions
Hieroglyphics
People used pictures to communicate before including Egyptians
Recorded ideas this way too
Later pictures became ideas and were called ideograms
At the end they represented ideas, appearance, objects and even sound
Math
Used symbols
each # had own symbol
Invented decimals
System mostly based 10
Higher number = in front lower number and when there is 2+ row of numbers the writer starts top
Building Pyramids
Burial tomb of Pharaoh Khufu
Known as "Great Pyramid"
Compiled by ancient Greeks
2 mil blocks large
each block was 3+ tons
450 feet tall
20 years to make
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Politics
Upper and Lower Egypt United
upper Egypt took over the lower Egypt and they became one
Form then in you were the king you would be the king of upper and lower Egypt.
King Menes found and made the first dynasty, or royal family that including 330 kings
System of Government
Every civilization has rules and need rules
In ancient Egypt there government was mostly the pharaoh
This type of government is called an theocracy.
Prominent Pharaohs
Akhenaten the pharaoh that pushed people to an new religion were they believe in one God
Khufu the pharaoh who want to build the largest pyramid in Egypt.
Religion
Gods
Most civilizations were afraid of the gods
Egypt was not one of them, they liked their gods
Everyone feared god Ammut
Afterlife
Ammut played big part in weighing heart
They believe that there was a afterlife where you would spend the rest of eternity in a heavenly place
Had to live a life that followed their rules to enter
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Weighing of heart
Light heart is good heavy heart is bad
If you did good deeds during your life and followed their rules your heart would be light, if not it would be heavy
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Mummification
They believed the sun died and then was reborn
they also thought that the afterlife would be a farm land that would be very peaceful, where you could enjoy life
In order to go there you must've lived a good life and preserve the body properly as well
Egyptians also thought everyone had a "ka" which is like a soul
the soul would live forever in the afterlife, depending if you made it there or not, and if the body was properly preserved
The aim was to dry the body completely while looking human
after one died they were taken to a embalming area
first the body was washed in antiseptic salt solution
organs were removed and dried including brain through the nose
they believed the heart had the emotions and intellect in them and the brain wasn't important to the persons personality
so they left the heart inside the body
Some vital organs once removed were kept in canopic jars and buried with the body itself
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Creation Myth
Once upon a time the world was covered in "nun"
Nun is a horrible, dark, chaotic water
A chunk of earth came out of the dark water and a lotus appeared
out the lotus came the 1st god, the sun god Ra
Created humans life and the other gods
he created shu, and tefnut
who then created geb and nut
and they created Osiris, Isis, Seth and Nephthys.
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Economy
A Day in the Life of a Farmer
First the wash up and get dressed
After breakfast he and his wife to work and grind the wheat for bread.
Some of the wheat is given to the temple
On the way to work they stop for food to eat.
Then they work in the heat .
when they see the sun go down they go home,
When they get home supper is almost done for them.
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Agriculture
Out of all of them Agriculture was the most economic activity
They mostly grew wheat, barley, as well as lettuce, beans, onions, figs, dates, grapes, melons and cucumbers.
Flax was grew by many of the farmers
Trade
There was no money system in Egypt
so things were traded in exchange For other things
Trades were important because that how they got goods in and out
They receive different things from Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea and the Red Sea
the things that they received from there Silver, iron, cedar logs
Crafts
colors
White was made out of Powdered Limestone
Black was made out of Charcoal
Red was made out of Ochre
Yellow was made out of Iron Oxide
Blue was made out of Copper
Green was made out of Malachite
The crafts were made in small shops
the shops made pottery, bricks, tools, glass, weapons, furniture, jewelry, perfume, rope, baskets, mats and writing material
Thing like king tut mask were made by craftsman
Carvings of god showed respect and they worshipped it
craftsman usually work for richer people
sometimes the craftsman traded artwork for food and grain.
