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Basic Concepts of Mechanics of Biological Tissues, Osteoporosis Low…

- - - - Biological Tissues
        
        Initial part: linear
        
        Intermediate: Non linear, yielding
        
        Final region: Failure
- - - - First week: The granulation tissue gives rise to islands of cartilaginous procallus, also known as soft callus , to anchor the broken ends together.
        
        Two to three weeks: Through a process known as endochondral ossification, the soft callus is slowly converted to a hard bony framework to further stabilise the connection between the separated ends
        
        Four to 16 weeks: The callus is remodelled so that the cartilaginous structure converts to calcified bone matrix and the bone is shaped to return towards the near-normal shape and function, including clear separation of the medullary cavity from the compact bone
      - Types
        
        Oblique
        
        Comminuted
        
        Spiral
        
        Compound
      - Rate of recovery depends on:
        
        Blood supply
        
        Mechanical stability
        
        The location of the injury
        
        Bone loss due to age-associated changes or the extent of trauma to the bone.
        
        Diet
        
        Medication prescribed
  - - - Collagen vs Elastin
        
        Found in skin and protective tissue / Found in connective tissue of elastic structures
        
        3rd most abundant protein in the body / Less abundant
        
        Generally white / Generally yellow
        
        Gives strength to structures / Provides elasticity to structures.
        
        Produced until the ageing process begins / Produced mainly in the fetal period
- - - - Synovial joint examples include:
        
        Gliding (ACJ)
        
        Hinge (Elbow)
        
        Pivot (Atlas Axis)
        
        Ellipsoid (MCP)
        
        Saddle (Metacarpal)
        
        Ball and socket (Shoulder)