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Jenavieve Sagasta Period 5, Skeletal System - Coggle Diagram
Jenavieve Sagasta Period 5, Skeletal System
Names of all the bones
Cranial
Your skull includes the Frontal bone, Parietal Bone, Temporal Bone,Sphenoid Bone,Occupital Bone and Ethmoid Bone 
Cervical Vertebrae
The cervical spine (neck region) consists of seven bones (C1-C7 vertebrae), which are separated from one another by intervertebral discs. These discs allow the spine to move freely and act as shock absorbers during activity.
Thoracic Vertebrae
Your thoracic spine consists of 12 vertebrae, labeled T1 through T12. Vertebrae are the 33 individual, interlocking bones that form your spinal column.
Lumbar Vertebrae
Your lumbar vertebrae, known as L1 to L5, are the largest of your entire spine. Your lumbar spine is located below your 12 chest (thoracic) vertebra and above the five fused bones that make up your triangular-shaped sacrum bone.
Clavicle
The clavicle is the bone that connects the sternum to the shoulder.
Scapula
The scapula or shoulder blade is the bone that connects the clavicle to the humerus.
Sternum
The long flat bone that forms the center front of the chest wall. The sternum is attached to the collarbone and the first seven ribs.
Ribs
The ribs are the bony framework of the thoracic cavity. There are twelve pairs of ribs
Humerus
is a long bone that runs from the shoulder and scapula (shoulder blade) to the elbow.
Ulna
The bone spans from the elbow to the wrist on the medial side of the forearm when in anatomical position. In comparison to the radius, the ulna is described to be larger and longer.
Radius
It is in the lateral forearm when in the anatomical position. It is the smaller of the two bones.
Carpals
bones of the wrist that connect the distal aspects of the radial and ulnar bones of the forearm to the bases of the five metacarpal bones of the hand.
Metacarpals
Located between the distal carpal bones and the proximal phalanges
Phalanges
Tips of Fingers and Toes
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Femur
It's the longest, strongest bone in your body.
Patella
also known as the kneecap, is a flat, rounded triangular bone which articulates with the femur
Tibia
the shinbone, the larger of the two bones in the lower leg
Fibula
a long bone in the lower extremity that is positioned on the lateral side of the tibia.
Tarsals
several short, angular bones that make up the ankle
Metatarsals
The metatarsal bones are the long bones in your foot that connect your ankle to your toes.
Anatomy of the long bone
long bones have a shaft (diaphysis), bone ends (epiphyses), and membranes
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Bone fracture repair
Hematoma formation
Torn blood vessels hemorrhage, forming mass of clotted blood called a hematoma
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Bony callus formation
Within one week, new trabeculae appear in fibrocartilaginous callus, the callus is converted to bony (hard) callus of spongy bone,bony callus formation continues for about 2 months until firm union forms
Bone remodeling
Begins during bony callus formation and continues for several months,excess material on diaphysis exterior and within medullary cavity is removed, compact bone is laid down to reconstruct shaft walls, final structure resembles original structure
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Joints
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Fibrous Joints
Sutures
Rigid, interlocking joints of skull,allow for growth during youth,In middle age, sutures ossify and fuse
Syndesmoses
Bones connected by ligaments, bands of fibrous tissue
Fiber length varies, so movement varies
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Joints, also called articulations: sites where two or more bones meet
Ex. The Skull
Cartilaginous Joints
Synchondroses
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Ex. Cartilage of 1st rib with manubrium of sternum
Symphyses
Fibrocartilage unites bone in symphysis joint, they are strong, slightly movable joints
Ex. Pubic symphysis
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Synovial Joints
Features
Articular cartilage
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Prevents crushing of bone ends
Joint (synovial) cavity
small, fluid-filled potential space that is unique to
synovial joints
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Synovial fluid
iscous, slippery filtrate of plasma and hyaluronic acid
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Types
Plane
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Ex. Intercarpal Joints
Hinge
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Ex. Joints of Hand
Pivot
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Ex. rotation of forearm
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Saddle
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Ex. Base of your thumb
Ball-and-socket
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Ex. Shoulders
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Disorders/diseases
Osteomalacia
Bones are poorly mineralized, calcium salts not adequately deposited,soft, weak bones
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Types of Bones
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Short Bones
Cube-shaped bones
Ex. Wrist Bones
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Flat Bones
Thin, flat, slightly curved,
Ex. Sternum
Irregular Bones
Complicated shapes
Ex. Coxal Bone
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