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Skeletal Gissel Hernandez …

- - - - Microscopic Anatomy of Bone Tissue
        
        Osteoblasts: - Bone-forming cells that secrete unmineralized bone matrix called osteoid
        
        Osteoid is made up of collagen and calcium-binding proteins
        
        Collagen make up 90% of bone protein
        
        Osteoblasts are actively miotic
        
        Osteocytes: - Mature bone cells in lacunae that no longer divide
        
        Maintain bone matrix and act as stress as strain sensors
        
        Respond to mechanical stimuli such as increased force on bone or weightlessness
        
        Communicate information to osteoblasts and osteoclasts cells that destroy bone so bones remodeling can occur
        
        Osteogenic cells (osteoprogenitor cells): Mitotically active stem cells in periosteum and endosteum
        
        When stimulated, differentiate into osteoblasts or bone-lining cells
        
        Some remain as osteogenic stem cells
        
        Bone- lining cells:
        
        Flat cells on bone surfaces believed to help maintain matrix (along with osteocytes)
        
        Osteoclasts: - Derived from same hematopoietic stem cells that become macrophages
        
        Giant, multinucleate cells function in bone resorption (breakdown of bone)
        
        When active, cells are located in depressions called resorption bays
        
        Cells have ruffled borders that serve to increase surface area for enzyme degradation of bone