Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
From the Stuarts to the Hanoverians - Coggle Diagram
From the Stuarts to the Hanoverians
CHARLES I
succeeded his father James I
was a patron of artist, created a wonderful art collection and in the divine right of kings'
He could not avoid direct confrontation with the strongly Protestant Commons;
they drew up a Petition of Rights in 1628 that stated:
no imprisonment without trial;
no taxation without consent of the Commons.
THE PURITANS:
hought the English Reformation had not done enough to reform the doctrines and structure of the Church
wanted to purify their national Church by eliminating every trace of Catholic influence
were extreme Protestants within the Church of England
wanted a true balance of power between the king and the Parliament.
supported the Parliament;
encouraged personal acts of mercy
The Civil War Causes
The Royalists
+also know as Cavaliers;
+sided with the king;
+included the lords, the gentry and official of the Church of England
PARLIAMENTARIANS
also called ‘Roundheads’;
supported Parliament;
considered long hair sinful and cut theirs short;
included London, the ports, Eastern England, the Navy, the new gentry and small landowners, artisans and Puritans.
He had continuous clashes with Parliament
Charles I believe he was king divine right
He refused to give up the command of the armed forces in 1642
The war broke out in 1642
CONSEQUENCES
+The king was captured in 1648
Oliver Cromwell, the commander of the parliamentataians, took control of London
The monarchy was abolished and replaced by a republic, the Commonwealth
Oliver Cromwell
A gentleman farmer;
a brilliant leader in raising and training cavalry composed of brave Puritan soldiers;
Commander-in-chief of the army in 1649;
appointed Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland in 1653.
(1599-1658)
Divided the country into eleven military regions under major generals. Used the army to keep order;
Puritan rules were introduced, like execution for adultery, the abolition of popular pastimes, games, dancing and theatre performances;
inns, pubs and theatres were closed down;
Christmas and Easter were banned and replaced with days of fasting.
The end of the Protectorate
After Cromwell’s death in 1658, his son Richard held office for eight months;
he was a weak leader, so Parliament voted the end of the Protectorate;
in 1660 Parliament invited Charles II to return from his exile in France;
the monarchy was restored.