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Skeletal System Gisselle De Jesus Per.1 - Coggle Diagram
Skeletal System
Gisselle De Jesus Per.1
Disorders/Diseases
Osteosacroma
Osteomyelitis
Paget's Disease
Osteoarthiritis
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Anatomy of the Long Bone
endostum
compact bone
spaces containing marrow bone
medullary cavity
Articular cartilage
yellow marrow
Spongy bones
periosteum
epiphyseal lines
Bone remodeling
Osteoclasts resorb and osteoblasts deposit bone throughout life,
It is controlled by hormones that regulate blood calcium levels
Joints
structural classification
amphiarthrotic
diarthrotic
Synarthrotic
Functional classification
Cartilaginous
Synovial
Fiburous
Diff. between male and female skeleton
Female
sacrum
Wider and sacral curvature is bent more sharply posteriorly
coccyx
More movable
Pelvic cavity
Wider in all diameters and greater distance in ischial spines
Pelvic Girdle
Lighter, thinner, less muscular attachments
Male
Pelvic Girdle
Obturator is oval
Pelvic cavity
distances between the ischial spines and ischial
tuberosities are less than in a female
Sacrum
Male is less wider and the sacral curvature is less bent
Coccyx
Male is less movable
Types of Bones
flat
ribs,scapula, and flattened skull bones
irregular
vertebrae, some facial bones
short
wrist and ankles
long
arms and legs
Movements allowed by Synovial Joints
Condylar
movements in two planes, no rotation
Plane
sliding or twisting
Ball-and-socket
movement in all planes
Hinge
flexion and extension
Synovial
free movement
Pivot
rotation around central axis
Cartilaginous
limited movment
Saddle
movements mainly in two planes
Fibrous
slight twisting
All the Bones
bones of the pectoral & pelvic girdle
scapula, clavicle, coxal (hip) bone
Bones of vertebrae
cervical vertebra, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar veretbrae, sacrum, cocccyx
skull bones
frontal, partietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid
Bones of upper and lower limbs
humerus, radius, ulna, carpal, metacarpals,phalanges, femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, patella
facial bones
maxilla, zygomatic, palatine, inferior nasal concha, mandible, lacrimal, nasal, and vomer
Microscopic anatomy of bone tissue
lamelle
central canal
lacune
extracellukar matrix
osteocytes
osteons
perforating canals
spongy bone
trabeculae
Bone fracture repair
a)Blood escapes from ruptured blood vessels and forms hematoma
b)spongy bone forms in regions close to developing blood vessels, and fibrocartilage forms in more distant regions
c)a hard callus replaces the fibrocartilage
d)osteoclasts remove excess bony tissue, restoring new bone structure much like the original