The Republic and Roman Expansion
The Republic (509-27 BC)
The Republic established after dismissal of the Etruscans:
Comitia: Assemblies is where citizens voted laws and their magistrates
Magistrates: Magistrates were who held the political authority
Senate: The ones who controled the magistrates and decided foreign policy
Vocabulary
Patricians: The rich people with powerful families.
Plebeains: Free people; merchants, craftsman and peasants.
At first, only patricians had political rights, but then plebeains demanded the same rights and form the 4th century BC, plebeains could be magistrates or senators.
Expansion across the Mediterranean
The consequences of expansion
With the Rupublic, Rome conquered all the Italian Peninsula (500-250 BC)
The Empire got better the Roman Republic
Rome won the fight against Carthage, the Punic Wars (264-146 BC)
Carthage: The dominant power of North Africa
Rome conquered Grecce and the Eastern Mediterranean, and some parts of europe (1st and 2nd century BC)
Provinces; They were to make Roman admin. more effective, and each gavernor of each, paid taxes to Rome
Economy: With the taxes, Rome had great wealth, more slaves and better taxes
Politics: The senate didn't did his job as the should, so corruption increased
Society: Only some people had the general profit, so all the rest were not happy about the inequality
The end of the Republic
1st century BC, The Republic was getting worse because the corruption, there were internal conflicts because of the inequality
Julius Cesar won 1 of the battles, and by that he converted into a dictator, but in 44 BC he was murder by senators who had sympathetic to the Republic.
Caesar's nephew, Octavian, won the new civil war and became the Emperor Augustus in 27 BC, when The Republic ended.
