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INDIA-UNITED KINGDOM BY ATRISHEKHAR - Coggle Diagram
INDIA-UNITED KINGDOM BY ATRISHEKHAR
TRADE
● Trade at $ 15.5 bn in favour of India
● India is 2nd largest investor & UK is 4th
● Largest market in Europe
Cooperation
● Defence - konkan shakti
In 2015, the Defence and International Security Partnership framework was unveiled, calling for enhanced cyber, defence, and maritime collaboration and stating UK’s support for projects under the “Make in India” initiative
Around 70 defence related companies across the UK supply various goods for aircraft/helicopter manufacturing/overhaul at HAL like ejection seats, fuel tank kits, hydraulic pumps, engine spares etc and support legacy platforms like Jaguar, Mirage & Kiran
Maritime cooperation is another area where engagement is increasing. UK is deploying Carrier Strike Group in Indian Ocean region this year in line with its strategic tilt to Indo-Pacific
RECENTLY announced to manufacture electric propulsion systms for ships in india
● Education, research & innovation
During the 2010 UK-India Summit, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and India came into agreement to support education, by implementing the India Education and Research Initiative (UKIERI)
UK is among the favoured destinations for Indian students to pursue higher education
Around 50000 Indian students are currently studying in UK
IN 2023 A memorandum of understanding on research was signed between the two countries in the UK Parliament,
The objective of this agreement is to enable quicker, deeper collaboration on science between the two countries, with the aim of helping economic growth, creating skilled jobs and improving lives in the UK, India, and worldwide.
Through this agreement, the two countries hope to minimise red tape standing in the way of major collaborations.
All UK degrees such as Masters degree will also now be formally recognised in India, which will help Indian students to apply for post-doctoral qualifications after their return from the UK.
Climate & environment ------India and UK closely engage on climate related issues through various mechanisms including the Ministerial Energy Dialogue and Joint Working Groups on Climate, Power and Renewables.
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India-UK Green Growth Equity Fund is mobilising institutional investments in the renewable energy, waste management, electric mobility and environment sub-sectors in India
● Cultural linkages
● Indian diaspora
Bilateral Institutional Engagements include
The India-UK Foreign Office Consultations provide an opportunity to review the entire range of bilateral relations, including political, economic, commercial, scientific, regional and international cooperation
The India-UK Disarmament and Non-Proliferation Dialogue discusses issues such as NPT, Civil Nuclear Cooperation, INF & New START, CWC & BWC, JCPOA, Gulf, DPRK, China, Pakistan and Export License
The India-UK JWG on Counter Terrorism condemns terrorism in all its forms and manifestations, exchanges views on threats posed by globally proscribed terrorist entities, reaffirms to work together
In addition, India and UK also regularly meet under the UN Dialogue, Policy Planning Dialogue, Strategic Dialogue, Cyber Dialogue and Home Affairs Dialogue to discuss cooperation in specific sectoral areas
Impact of Brexit on India
● Advantage for service sector
● Trade deals from both sides
● Operational issues for exporters
● Challenges to Indian companies
Issues in India-UK relations
● Colonial legacy
● British intervention in domestic politics
● Business env in India not conducive
● UK’s immigration policy
● Closeness to pak & china
● Diego garcia issueU.K. government were most concerned about Diego Garcia, which is leased to the United States as a base for significant military and intelligence capabilities. India stood with Mauritius during all the diplomatic episodes that followed, including at the U.N. General Assembly and the International Court of Justice.
The international court’s opinion on the matter was unfavorable to the United Kingdom and the U.N. General Assembly followed it by calling for a swift end to U.K. control of the islands.
Some believe Mauritius’ diplomatic successes were a “pyrrhic victory” because, if transfer of sovereignty leads to a reduction in American forces on Diego Garcia, it would upset the military balance that those forces uphold in the western Indian Ocean
trade barriers
BACKGROUND
1950: India decided to be in the commonwealth of nations after becoming a republic.
Both Britain and India have since pursued quite divergent diplomatic paths.
In particular, India became a major force within the Non-Aligned Movement, which initially sought to avoid taking sides during the Cold War. This contrasted with Britain’s position as a founding member of NATO and a key ally of the United States.
2004: The India-united kingdom partnership was upgraded to a strategic one. India’s multifaceted bilateral relationship with the UK intensified with its up-gradation to a Strategic Partnership.
2010: The relations were elevated to ‘Enhanced Partnership for the Future.
The UK supports India’s proposal for permanent membership of the UNSC and is also an important interlocutor for India in the EU, G8, G20, and global contexts.
2021: The prime ministers of both countries agreed to a new and transformational India-UK comprehensive strategic partnership. The ambitious India-UK roadmap 2030 was also adopted.
The India-UK roadmap is based on five pillars-
trade and economy
people-to-people
health
defence
security areas
FTA
The proposed FTA is expected to boost Indian exports in labour-intensive sectors such as leather, textile, jewellery, processed agri-products and marine products, education, pharma, and health care.
The UK is likely to look at reducing tariffs on products such as apples, UK-manufactured medical devices and machinery.
UK companies also expect India to take measures to strengthen data privacy and enforce contracts.
RECENT
Despite the challenge posed by the Ukraine crisis, the India-UK relationship has been on an upward trajectory, exemplified by the conclusion of a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership in 2021.
The agreement also established a 2030 Roadmap for India-UK relations, which primarily outlines the partnership plans for the bilateral relationship.
Both the countries held talks on defence-related trade and deepening cyber security and defence cooperation between the two countries.
A new joint cyber security programme is set to be announced to protect online infrastructure in India and the UK.
India and the UK also plan to hold the first Strategic Tech Dialogue, a ministerial-level summit on emerging technologies.
Additionally, the UK and India have agreed to strengthen their cooperation in the maritime domain as the UK will join India’s Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative and become a major partner on maritime security issues in Southeast Asia.
In January 2022, India and the UK concluded the first round of talks for an India–UK Free Trade Agreement.
The negotiations reflected shared ambitions to secure a comprehensive deal between the 6 th(UK) and 5th(India) largest economies in the world.
India and the UK discussed international developments regarding crypto assets and emphasised the importance of robust global approaches to deal with risks attached to this.
KHALISTAN ISSUE