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INDIA-AFRICA by Atrishekhar Sir - Coggle Diagram

- - - - ● 5th largest investor
      - Reducing dependence on gulf for oil & gas-Nigeria is the 5th largest crude oil supplier to India
      - Agriculture-India has entered into agreements with Malawi and Mozambique for the import of pulses
      - proposals to create a jointly-owned brand of Africa-Kollam cashews.
      - ● India is now Africa’s third-largest trade partner.
      - ● Trade at $ 98 bn
      - Egypt is ready to be India’s gateway to Europe, Africa & W Asia: Hossam Heiba, CEO, GAFI
      - Egypt is located at the crossroads of Africa, Asia, and Europe. This gives it a strategic location for trade and investment. The Suez Canal, which is one of the world's busiest shipping routes, is located in Egyp
    - - To improve project exports and build up cooperation in the shipping domain has been suggested.
      - To promote trilateral cooperation and deepen S&T cooperation.
- - - - Better alternative to BRI-
      - Japan has agreed to fund in the tune of $200 billion for the growth corridor in Africa.
      - Asia Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC), an initiative announced in 2017, that is going to be jointly undertaken by India and Japan.
      - four core areas for this growth corridor
        
        Development cooperation projects
        
        quality infrastructure and institutional connectivity,
        
        enhancing skills and capacity building
        
        people-to-people partnership.
    - - his move followed on the heels of the decision the previous month by India and the other four current members of the BRICS group to admit Egypt and Ethiopia, along with four other countries, into its ranks.
    - - There is wide scope for India to contribute to the modernization of agricultural infrastructure in Africa, increase agricultural supply chain efficiency and improve productivity
      - India and Africa can strengthen their agribusiness ties by channeling funds into agrotechnology, which could boost global food security
      - India produces agricultural inputs like fertilizer, pesticide and seeds, which African countries are keen to access to enhance productivity.
      - flagged its concern over the delay in tur (pigeon pea) dal shipments from Mozambique and requested the African nation to expeditiously clear consignments at its ports.
      - CHEETAH DIPLOMACY
        
        India is considering importing cheetahs from northern Africa due to concerns that these big cats from Namibia and South Africa have developed a winter coat in the Indian summer
        
        India has signed an agreement with South Africa to translocate 12 cheetahs (seven male and five female) to the Kuno Palpur National Park (KNP) in Madhya Pradesh
        
        The PM of India released the first batch of eight cheetahs (five females and three males) from Namibia into a quarantine enclosure at Kuno last year.
    - - ONGC Videsh, the overseas arm of India’s ONGC, and other Indian state-owned energy companies hold a total stake of 30% in the Mozambique LNG project
- - - - Exports from India to South Africa include vehicles and components thereof, transport equipment, drugs and pharmaceuticals, engineering goods, footwear, dyes and intermediates, chemicals, textiles, rice, gems, and jewelry, etc.
      - Import from South Africa to India includes gold, steam coal, copper ores & concentrates, phosphoric acid, manganese ore, aluminum ingots & other minerals.
      - The leading Indian companies are Wipro, Coal India, Cipla, HCL Technologies, Tata Motors, Zomato, Mahindra and Mahindra, Vedanta, and Motherson Sumi.
      - India is South Africa’s fifth-largest export destination, and fourth-largest import origin and is the second-largest trading partner in Asia. Both countries are working to boost trade volumes in the coming years.
    - - The Defence Cooperation between India and South Africa officially commenced in 1996 with the signing of an MoU on “Cooperation in the field of Defence Equipment” which was replaced by an MoU on “Defence Cooperation” in 2000.
      - Indian Naval Ships and Sailing Vessels also regularly make port calls to South Africa.
      - IN Ships Tarkash and Kolkata visited Cape Town from 1 to 13 October 2018 and participated in the 6th IBSA Maritime Exercise (IBSAMAR).
      - INSV Tarini visited Cape Town in 2018 as part of Navika Sagar Parikrama.
      - The South African Army participated in the Multinational Field Training Exercise for African Nations conducted by Indian Army at Pune in March 2019.
      - Science and Technology
        
        India and South Africa signed an Agreement on Cooperation in the fields of Science and Technology on 19 July 1995 and cooperation in Science and Technology between the two countries has flourished and continues to grow.
        
        India-South Africa has inked MoU to transfer 12 cheetahs to the Kuno National Park by February-March 2023.
        
        GEOPOLITICALGROUPS
        
        India-South Africa global cooperation
        
        India and South Africa have a long history of working together by coordinating their views and efforts in institutions of global governance/multilateral fora, to achieve greater autonomy and ensure that the agenda of the ‘South’ is prioritized.
        
        IBSA dialogue forum
        
        In 2003, India and South Africa signed an agreement with Brazil, known as the Brasília Declaration, establishing “South-South” cooperation, based on the premise of the three nations being regional powers of South Asia, Southern Africa, and South America.
        
        The declaration also agreed to work towards the U.N. Security Council reforms, and that each party would support the other’s bid for permanent membership with veto rights.
        
        The IBSA Dialogue Forum was created to promote cooperation and consensus on issues of trade, poverty alleviation, intellectual property rights, social development, agriculture, climate change, culture, defense, education, energy, health care, information society, science and technology, peaceful nuclear energy, tourism, and transport.
        
        WTO
        
        A tripartite free trade agreement was a united front to present in negotiations with Western countries in the World Trade Organization (WTO).
        
        India and South Africa support WTO as the sole-multilateral mechanism on global trade, and commerce, and in the centrality accorded to the development agenda in the Doha Development Round.
        
        BRICS
        
        In 2010, the formerly known grouping of BRIC became BRICS with the induction of South Africa.
        
        The BRICS Forum’s valuable contribution to reforming the global financial and economic architecture is well-appreciated by both India and South Africa.
        
        G20
        
        Both India and South Africa recognize G20 as the premier forum for coordination in international financial and economic matters and call upon the world community to utilize monetary, fiscal, and structural reforms to jump-start the global economy.