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Deforestation in Brazil - Coggle Diagram
Deforestation in Brazil
Main causes
Commercial Farming (63% of trees felled)
Cattle ranching
450,000km squared of pasture
Used for beef farming as more people are eating cattle that need to bred
Plantations
250,000km squared soy plantation
Indonesia
Mineral extraction
The Amazon basin is rich in natural resources
Iron ore
The Carajas mine in Brazil is the largest iron mine in the world
Copper ore
Increase in soil erosion
Mines destabilise soil
Water is injected into the mine
Gold
Subsistence farming
Farming to provide
Indigenous people
Trees are felled to make space for farms
Commercial logging
Hard wood trees are felled
Mahogany
Hardwood is used for funiture
Sold for timber
Used to make paper products
Population growth
Offer land in the rainforest to poor people in overcrowded cities
Trees are felled to make space for buildings
Road building
Trans-Amazonian Highway
4000km road cutting through the rainforest
Open up hard to reach places
Trees are felled to make space
Effects
Social
Negative
Climate change increases
People have to adapt to a warmer world
Positive
Companies pay taxes
Used to improve public services
Economic
Negative
Plants that provide medicinal benefits go extinct
Cannot be sold
Positive
Minerals such as gold
Are very valuable
Environment
Negative
Less trees means less interception
More leaching
Less nutrients
Positive
Increases in palm oil
New materials for industries
Strategies to reduce
Selective logging
Only some trees are felled
Old ones
The forest structure is kept
Can regenerate
Canopy remains to protect the soil
Horse and helicopter
Using things to recover trees
Replanting
Replanting trees to replace felled ones
Ecotourism
Minimises the damage to the environnment
Benefits the locals
Limit number of people in an area
Waste and litter are disposed of properly
Source of income for locals
Guides
Transporters
Less people cutting down trees for income
Raise awareness
Money to benefit rainforests
Debt reduction
TRF are found in LIC
Money is used to pay of debts
Reduce the debts
Less logging to pay them back
Money is borrowed externally
International agreements
Hardwood used in high demand
Hard wood taken from rich countries
High deman
Agreements against the logging of hardwoods
Conservation and Education
National parks and reserves
Low money
Hard to police
Countries get money for keeping the rainforests safe
Money can be used to police
Set up funds with overseas governments