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Imperial Presidents(Lawrence Pong), image, image, image, image, image,…
Imperial Presidents(Lawrence Pong)
William McKinley(1896 - 1901)
China
As some Chinese started to despise foreigners and Western ideology, they acquired the name Boxers.
The Boxers started to rebel and killed "foreign missionaries"(223).
In response, McKinley, along with other countries, sent their military to stop the rebellion.
Open Door Policy
The United States clarified their goal in China, which was to open "free trade there"(223)
Spanish American War
Cubans were annoyed with Spain and sought to rebel against them.
McKinley "warned the Spanish to quickly establish peace"(215), or they would intervene.
Eventually Spain would lose the war and give up many of their territories. Some included Puerto Rico and Guam. They even gave up "the Philippines to the United States"(218)
Amidst the tension, the USS Maine exploded, and many believed a lie that a "mine had destroyed the battleship"(215), worsening the tension.
Filipino Revolution
Angered by the US remaining in possession of the Philippines, Emilio Aguinaldo led their own revolution against the US.
The US used tactics involving concentration camps and killed many Filipino soldiers. Their actions were defended, and were justified because Americans saw themselves as "the superior race"(220)
The United States spent around $400 million fighting the insurrection and used 10,000 troops to fight.
William Howard Taft(1909 - 1912)
"Dollar Diplomacy"
Looked to a "increase American investments in businesses and banks"(228) in foreign countries.
Nicaragua
While he usually focused on business, he had to use military force(like Roosevelt).
In Nicaragua, he "dispatched troops"(228) to support a government in favor of America.
Involved purchasing mines, plantations, railways, and "other ventures"(228).
The Philippines
After regaining control of the Philippines(after their revolution), Taft sought to restore the island
He started "construction of roads, bridges, and schools"(220), while also establishing a public health service for citizens.
Woodrow Wilson(1913 - 1920)
"Moral Diplomacy"
Instead of intervention, would focus on "human rights, national integrity, and opportunity."(228)
Mexico
Mexico underwent a revolution, but their leader was assassinated, and replaced by a general(Huerta)
While most presidents would've supported Huerta, Wilson refused to acknowledge Huerta because of his "'government of butchers'"(229)
The US supported a different rebel and supported their cause. As a result, "Huerta’s government"(229) collapsed, and was replaced.
Haiti
Regardless of Wilson's focus on morality, he would still use the military to intervene.
In Haiti, he would send the military to "protect American investments and to guard against the potential of German or French aggression"(229)
Theodore Roosevelt(1901 - 1908)
Big Stick Diplomacy "strong military to achieve America’s goals"(226)
Latin America
is unable to pay debt to European nations, so Europe plans to intervene
Roosevelt Collary
Updated Monroe Doctrine
In the conflicts between Europe and Latin America, America would "restore order and deprive other creditors of the excuse to intervene"(227)
Japan
Amidst a war between Russia and Japan, Roosevelt intervened and "convinced the two sides to sign a peace treaty"(224)
However, the West side of America resented Asians, specifically the Japanese, Chinese, and Koreans. They segregated Asians from attending public schools.
Japan was furious and many citizens "demanded that Japan retaliate"(224).
As a result, Roosevelt signed the "Gentleman's Agreement" with Japan, which would limit immigration from Japan to the US, while ending America's "segregation policy"(224)
Roosevelt wanted to create "a passage from the Caribbean Ocean to the Pacific Ocean"(226)
Roosevelt was willing to purchase Panama from
Columbia
, but they demanded too much money.
To create a revolution against Colombia, Roosevelt " dispatched U.S. warships to the water off Panama"(226). As a result, Panama gained independence and the US could create a canal between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
