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coastal management - Coggle Diagram
coastal management
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By trapping sediment it starves beaches further down the coastline, increasing rates of erosion elsewhere.
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Soft engineering does not involve building artificial structures but takes a more sustainable and natural approach to managing the coast
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Areas have to be zoned off from the public, which is unpopular.
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Hard engineering strategies - advantages and disadvantages
Erosion is a natural process which shapes cliffs. Over time, erosion can cause cliff collapse - therefore the coastline needs to be managed. Hard engineering involves building artificial structures which try to control natural processes. Each engineering strategy has its advantages and disadvantages.
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Concrete walls that are placed at the foot of a cliff to prevent erosion. They are curved to reflect the energy back into the sea.
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Expensive - approximately £2,000 per metre.
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They look different to the local geology, as the rock has been imported from other areas.
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Managed retreat is the controlled flooding of low-lying coastal areas. If an area is at high risk of erosion, managed retreat could be an option. It usually occurs where the land is of low value, for example farm land.
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Creates a salt marsh which can provide habitats for wildlife and a natural defence against erosion and flooding.
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Landowners need to be compensated - this can cost between £5,000 - £10,000 per hectare.