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Acids and Bases, Acids #, Bases # - Coggle Diagram

- - - - becomes hydronium and hydroxide
  - - - a mixture of other indicators and is a more accurate measurement of pH
  - - - Concentration of H30+ (Kw)
        
        Calculate pH of diluted solution
- - - - acid-base reaction
        
        acid donates hydrogen ion to base
        
        Acid + Base --> aq ion + aq ion
        
        reactants can be all staes (aq, liquid, gas
- - - - ionic compound (salt + hydrogen gas
    - - ionic compound (salt) + water
    - - ionic compound (salt) + water + CO2
      - Limewater tests
        
        calcium hydroxide +CO2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
- - - - e.g water
        
        hydronium ion= base
        
        hydroxide ion = acid
      - measure pH of solution to find dominant solution
- - - - molecule can only donate 1 hydrogen atom e.g CH3COOH can only donate one (the hydrogen connected to oxygen instead of carbon)
  - - - ionizes in 2 stages
        
        H2SO4--> HSO4- --> SO4 2-
        
        double arrow used for incomplete reactions
  - - - depending on structure of molecule
        
        donates protons step by step
  - - - ionizes in 3 stages
- - - - OH- = a ... compound that is a source of the strong base