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paradigm - Coggle Diagram
paradigm
theoretical perspective: what is the philosophical orientation 哲学定位of the researcher that guides their action/ research?
application: to predict
positivism: natural science methods (posit, observe, derive logical truths) can be applied to the social sciences实证主义:自然科学方法(假设，观察，推导逻辑真理)可以应用于社会科学
post-positivism: multiple methods are necessary to identify a valid belief because all methods are imperfect 后实证主义:需要多种方法来确定一个有效的信念，因为所有的方法都是不完美的
structuralism: the source of meaning comes from the formal structure found in language and can apply to all aspects of human culture
结构主义:意义的来源来自于语言中的形式结构，可以适用于人类文化的所有方面
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positivists believe valid knowledge can be generated only from objective empirical observation experienced through the senses and carried out according to the scientific method. 客观的实证观察
positivism cannot fully account for the subjective nature of human reasoning and choices. eg. values and attitudes
what we can legitimately acquire knowledge about and how we acquire that knowledge --> understanding the principles and assumptions of scientific research (philosophy)
理解科学研究的原理和假设能够帮助我们决定能够获取什么知识和如何获取知识
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