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Lec 3: Perception of Self and Others - Coggle Diagram
Lec 3: Perception of Self and Others
3.1
Self-awareness
Your knowledge of yourself
Understand your self-concept
The Johari Window
Open/self-area or arena – Here the information about the person his attitudes, behaviour, emotions, feelings, skills and views will be known by the person as well as by others.
Blind self or blind spot – Information about yourselves that others know in a group but you will be unaware of it. Others may interpret yourselves differently than you expect. The blind spot is reduced for an efficient communication through seeking feedback from others.
Hidden area or façade – Information that is known to you but will be kept unknown from others. This can be any personal information, which you feel reluctant to reveal. This includes feelings, past experiences, fears, secrets etc
Unknown area – The Information which are unaware to yourselves as well as others. This includes
the information, feelings, capabilities, talents etc.
Growing in Self-Awareness
Ask yourself about yourself.
Listen to others.
Actively seek information about yourself.
See your different selves.
Increase your open self.
Self-esteem
The value you place on yourself.
Improving your self-esteem:
Attack self-destructive beliefs
Beware of the imposter phenomenon
Seek out nourishing people
Work on projects that will result in success
Remind yourself of your successes
Secure affirmation
Types of self-esteem
Affective self-esteem: your analysis of your own strengths and weaknesses. Do you feel pleased with yourself? Does your analysis lead you to feel dissatisfied and perhaps depressed?
Behavioral self-esteem: affect the way you behave, Verbal and nonverbal behaviours such as your disclosures, your assertiveness, your conflict strategies and gestures. Do you assert yourself in group situations?
Cognitive self-esteem: You are thinking about your strengths and weaknesses, about who you are vs who you would like to be.
Self-concept: The way you see yourself.
The image of you that others have and that they reveal to you
The comparisons you make between yourself and others
The teachings of your culture, and
They way you interpret and evaluate your own thoughts and behaviours.
3.2
Self-disclosure
Factors influencing self-disclosure
Your culture
Your gender
Who you are
Your listeners
Your topic and channel
The rewards and dangers of Self-disclosure
Rewards
Self-knowledge
Improved coping abilities
Communication enhancement
More meaningful relationships
Preventing inaccurate perceptions
Dangers
Relationship risks
Professional risks
Personal risks
Transfer hidden self -> open self
Guidelines for your own Self-Disclosure
Consider the motivation for....
Consider the appropriateness...
Consider the disclosures of the other person.
Consider the possible burdens self-disclosure might entail
3.3 Perception
5 Stages of Interpersonal Perception
Stimulation
Organization
Interpretation-Evaluation
Memory
Recall
Impression Formation Processes
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Personality theory: Halo effects
Primacy-Recency
Consistency: cùng thích, cùng ghét ( tính nhất quán)
Attribution
The process by which you become aware of objects, events, and people through your senses.
Increasing Accuracy in Impression Formation
Analyze your impressions
Reduce your uncertainty
Check your perceptions
Increase your cultural sensitivity
Impression Management: Goals & Strategies
The process you go through to create the impression you want others to have of you: 7
To Be Liked: Affinity-Seeking and Politeness Strategies
To Be Believed: Credibility Strategies
To Excuse Failure: Self-Handicapping Strategies
To Secure Help: Self-Deprecating Strategies
To Hide Faults: Self-Monitoring Strategies
To Be Followed: Influencing Strategies
To Confirm Self-Image: Image-Confirming Strategies