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01 HUMANISM AND KNOWLEDGE - Coggle Diagram
01 HUMANISM AND KNOWLEDGE
1 HUMANISM
was a cultural movement that began in the 14th century. It developed fully in the 15th and 16th centuries, for example in the rich city-states of the northern part of the Italian Peninsula.
The main characteristics of Humanism are:
The Revival of Antiquity
The love of Knowledge
Anthropocentrism
Other important humanists from outside Florence were:
SIR THOMAS MORE
CARDINAL CISNEROS
ERASMUS OF ROTTERDAM
2 THE SPREAD OF KNOWLEDGE
Humanist ideas and knowledge spread more rapidly in the Modern Age than in the Middle.
THE PRINTING PRESS
Around 1440, Johannes Gutenberg invented the movable-type printing press. Itt improved literacy, and intellectual life
PRINTING PRESSES AND UNIVERSITIES IN THE 15TH CENTURY
Main Universities:
Oxford, Cambridge, Coimbra, Lisbon, Buda, krakow.
Main centres of printing:
Napoles, Rome, Palencia, Zaragoza, Paris, Ingolstad.
SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
The aim was to find a well-reasoned explanation for natural phenomena and provide empirical evidence.
ASTRONOMY
In the 16th century. This theory contradicted the geocentric theory developed by Ptolemy in the 2nd century,
In the 17th century, Tuscan physicist Galileo Galilei proved Copernicus’ theory using a new invention, the telescope.
MEDICINE
the theory of pulmonary circulation of blood by Miguel Servet
the treaty of anatomy by Vesalius
development of pharmacology by Swiss physician Paracelsus.
GEOGRAPHY
During this period, it was established that the Earth was spherical.
