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Lec 1: Fundamentals of Human Communications - Coggle Diagram
Lec 1: Fundamentals of Human Communications
1.1. Nature of communication
Human communication: communication btw and among ppl
The major forms: 8
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Interviewing
Small group
Public
Organizational
Mass
Computer-mediated
6 Benefits of studying human communication
Critical and creative thinking skills
Interaction skills
Relationship skills
Group membership and leadership skills
Presentation skills
Media literacy skills
The myths of communication
1.2. The major elements of human communication
Communication occurs when 1 person (or more) sends and receives messages.
Communications acts may be: face-to-face, by telephone, over the Internet
Including: 6
Communication Contexts: all communication takes place in a context that has at least four dimensions
physical context: tangible or concrete environment
social-psychological context: relationships among the communicators
temporal(timing) context
cultural context
Sources-receiver
Messages
Channels
Noise
Noise: Anything that interferes with the transmission and reception of a message.
External Noise: Distractions outside the receiver that makes it hard to hear/listen. Ex: Someone sitting next to you screaming on their phone.
Physiological Noise: Biological factors in the receiver that interfere with accurate reception.
Psychological Noise: Cognitive factors that make communication less effective. Ex: A person who hears the word “like” so often has trouble paying attention to the rest of the speaker’s message
Sematic noise: different meaning systems
Effects
Cognitive effects: Changes in your thinking. The effect is largely intellectual.
Affective effects: changes in your attitudes, values, beliefs, and emotions
Behavioral effects: changes in your behaviors
1.3 Principles of human communication
Package of Signals: tất cả messages system work together to communicate a meaning
Purposeful: to learn, to relate, to help, to influence, to play
Process of Adjustment
Involves Content and Relationship Dimensions:
Ambiguous: diễn ra khi chúng ta sử dụng những từ ngữ cái mà có thể có nghĩa khác thay thế ( kiểu sử dụng từ đa nghĩa)
Inevitable, Irreversible, and Unrepeatable
Inevitable: in any interactional situation communication will occur
Transactional: They are always changing, are interdependent ( each influence the other), they depend on the individual for their meaning and effect and result in each person in the communication act being both speaker and listener.
1.4 Explain the characteristics of the competent communicator
ĐN: Communication Competence
Your knowledge and understanding of how communication works
Your ability to communicate effectively
Makes Reasoned Choices
Realizes that each communication situation can be approached in different ways
Has a large arsenal of available choices
Can effectively evaluate the available choices based on knowledge of the research and theory in human communication and can make reasonable predictions as to what choices will work.
Has the interpersonal, small group, and public speaking skills for executing these choices effectively
Thinks Critically and Mindfully
Create and re-create categories
Be open to new information and points of view
Beware of first impressions
Think before you act
Is an effective Code-Switcher, Culturally Sensitive, Ethical
Reasons for code switching: To amplify and emphasize, to add expression and personality, habitual expressions, to show identity, phatic expressions, to quote other people, metalinguistic, mood of speaker, to clarify, to explain
Ways to switch codes: By switching your language, dialect, abbreviations, slang and code
Is an Effective Listener, Media Literate
They understand, analyze and evaluate media
They empower you to interact with the media, to talk back to the media and to provide the skills for your influencing the media.
They educate you to use the available resources to create your media messages.