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CONDITIONALS - Coggle Diagram
CONDITIONALS
:green_cross: ZERO CONDITONALS
Talk about things that are generally true, especially for laws and rules.
If/When + present simple, present simple.
Example:
When/If
the sun goes down, it
gets
dark.
:green_cross: THIRD CONDITONALS
Imagine a change in a past situation and the different result of that change.
If + past perfect >> would have + past participle.
Example: If I
had
understood
the instructions properly, I
would
have
passed
the exam.
Modals in past
Would have V3/ed (Past unreal action)
Could have V3/ed (Past unreal ability)
May/might have V3/ed (Unreal posibility)
Should have V3/ed (Past unreal recommendation)
Must have V3/ed (Past unreal assumption)
:green_cross: SECOND CONDITONALS
Imagine present or future situations that are impossible or unlikely in reality.
If + past simple >> + would + infinitive.
Example: If she
was
prime minister, she
would
invest more money in schools.
:green_cross: FIRST CONDITONALS
Talk about future situations we believe are real or possible.
If/When + present simple, will + infinitive.
Example:
If
it doesn't rain tomorrow, we
'll
go to the beach.
:green_cross: NOTES
Unless = if...not
(Unless means except if.)
We will be late
if
we
don’t
hurry
= We will be late
unless
we hurry
Inversion
Type 1: Should + S + V1, S + will + V1
If you see Nick, please tell him to call me.
->
Should
you see Nick, please tell him to call me.
Type 2: Were + S + to + V1/ (S + N/adj), S + would + V1
If I know the truth, I would tell you about it.
->
Were
I to know the truth, I would tell you about it.
Type 3: Had + S + V3/ed, S + would have + V3/ed
If you had trained harder, you would have won the game.
→
Had
you trained harder, you would have won the game.
Similar phrases
If = on (the) condition that, provided (that), providing (that), supposing (that), assuming (that), so (as) long as, on the assumption that, failing that, otherwise, in the event of...
Example: You will be paid tomorrow
on condition that
the work is finished.
:green_cross: MIXED CONDITONALS
Past/Present
Example: If I
hadn't
got
the job in Tokyo, I
wouldn't
be
with my current partner.
Imagine how a change in a past situation would have a result in the present.
If + past perfect >> would + infinitive
Present/Past
Imagine how a different situation in the present would mean that the past was different as well.
If + past simple >> would have + past participle.
Example: It's really important. If it
wasn't
, I
wouldn't
have
called
you on your holiday.