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HUMANISM AND KNOWLEDGE - Coggle Diagram
HUMANISM AND KNOWLEDGE
HUMANISM 
Humanism was a cultural movement that began in the 14th century. It fully developed in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, in the rich city-states of the northern part of the Italian peninsula.
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THE SPREAD OF KNOWLEDGE
Humanist ideas and knowledge spread more rapidly in the Modern Age than in the Middle Ages, when knowledge was spread through books written by hand, mostly by clergymen in monasteries.
THE PRINTING PRESS
Around 1440, Johannes Gutenberg invented the movable-type printing press. Books could be produced more easily and ideas spread more quickly. It improved literacy, and intellectual life was no longer restricted to monasteries and universities.
SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
They revived the scientific method used in Ancient Greece and Rome, where the study of nature was based on observation and experimentation.
The aim was to find a well-reasoned explanation for natural phenomena and provide empirical evidence, evidence gained through observation, experience and experimentation. They were devoted to the teachings of the Bible or classical antiquity, teachings that were impossible to prove.
ASTRONOMY
In the 16th century, Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus developed the heliocentric theory, which claimed that the Earth and all the other planets orbited the Sun.
In the 17th century, Tuscan physicist Galileo Galilei proved Copernicus’ theory using a new invention, the telescope.
MEDICINE
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the treaty of anatomy by Vesalius, who was born in Flanders
GEOGRAPHY
Modern cartography also began. Maps were created based on the world map drawn by Gerardus Mercator, in 1569. Mercator’s map showed all the lands discovered up until that date. Straight lines called parallels and meridians were used to locate any point in the world.
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