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Civics and Citizenship
Key concepts
Justice
Justice is the moral and social intention where people are allowed to be treated with a fair, impartial, proper and reasonable way by the law and by negotiators of the law.
Equality
No one is treated different from the other, all are treated equally.
Access
Being able to enter and leave a place at free will and being able to talk to someone or something freely.
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Participation
Participation is the involvement of every voter and community in local, state and national law.
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The Westminster System
The Westminster System is a system where people don't instantly vote for there government, instead leaving it to the selected legislature to establish, oversee, and withdraw the government.
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Government formed by the political party with the highest support from the Lower House of Parliament.
Known as a majority government. A government formed by one or more parties that hold the majority of seats in a legislature.
Head of State
The lead representative of a country, e.g: president of monarch.
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Democracy
Democracy is a system of government where the people have the power, or elect representatives to govern themselves.
Monitory Democracy
A form of democracy known as "monitoring democracy" is characterised by measures for the public to check the authority of the government.
Constitutional Democracy
A constitutional democracy also know as Liberal Democracy is a system where the people decide who will represent them and how.
Representative Democracy
In contrast to direct democracy, representative democracy involves the election of individuals to represent a group of people.
Direct Democracy
In a direct democracy, the electorate makes decisions about policy matters directly, without the assistance of elected representatives.
Democratic Values
Democratic Values are the ethics or values that establish a fair society, such as democratic constitutionalism, freedom of speech, equality before the law, and social justice.
Freedom of speech, expression and religious belief
Everyone has the right to an open mind, to consider ideas, and to hold opinions based on their conscience, their religion, or other views.
rule of law; and.
The political tenet of the rule of law is that all individuals and institutions within a nation, state, or community, including legislators and authorities, are subject to the same laws.
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Other basic human rights
These include: the freedom from torture and other despicable treatment, the right to life, right to a fair trial. Along with the rights to health, education and a decent living standard, freedom of speech and freedom of religion.
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Political Party
Logos
Logos are used to represent a political party, colours to grab the attention of the voters or plain and sleek designs that give the party a basis.
Slogans
Slogans are used to represent that political party's main goal and what they aim to accomplish if they gain enough votes to do so.
Call to action
Call to action's are used to drag the reader in and snag there following, they are used as a final push to convince citizens to vote for them.
Policies
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Environmental
Environmental policies are any steps taken by a government, business, or other public or private institution to address how human activity affects the environment.
Social
Social policies are policies that protect human needs for security, proper education, work, overall health and wellbeing.
Voting system
Preferential Voting
Preferential voting is a system of voting where you vote in a list from first to last, it's a system where you can't vote two people first.
Laws
Civil Law
Civil law establishes the rights and responsibilities that apply to transactions between people, governmental bodies, and private or non-governmental organisations.
Criminal Law
Criminal law refers to the statutes and common law standards that specify how and when the state will punish various behaviours.
Legal Principles
Civil Justice
When someone has been wounded or harmed because of someone else's carelessness, negligence, or malpractice, civil justice is a mechanism for them to get a fair resolution.
Regulatory enforcement
Regulatory enforcements. A regulated system's effectiveness is largely determined by how regulations are implemented, how they are upheld, and how compliance is encouraged.
Fundamental rights
The Supreme Court has identified a collection of rights know as fundamental rights. These need a high level of protection from intrusion by the government.
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