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The republic and Roman expansion - Coggle Diagram
The republic and Roman expansion
The republic
Magistrates
Were elected to hold political authority for one year. The leading magistrates were two consuls, who were in charge of administration and the army.
Senate
Was the most important institution. It directed the magistrates and decided foreign policy.
Comitia
Were assemblies where Roman citizens voted laws and elected magistrates
Patricians and plebeians
Patricians
Were a minority from a group of rich, powerful families. They claimed to be descendants of the founders of Rome.
Plebeians
Were the other free groups, like merchants, craftsmen and peasants.
Slaves
Who were prisoners of war or the children of slaves.
Expansion across the Mediterranean
Carthage
The dominant power in North Africa. Rome was victorious in the Punic Wars (264-146 BC)
Greece and Eastern Mediterranean
In the second and first centuries BC, Rome conquered Greece and the Eastern Mediterranean. It also expanded into other parts of Europe.
Italian peninsula
Conquered between 500 and 250 BC
The consequences of expansion
Politics
The Senate did not control the governors in the provinces very well, so corruption spread.
Society
A few people had nearly all the wealth. Inequality caused social discontent and revolts.
Economy
The conquests created great wealth in produce, slaves and taxes