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The Twilight Years, Physiological, Pathological, Wear & Tear theory,…

- - - - Accumulate over time, that leads to overall deterioration
  - - - 50-60% reduction in skin functions.
      - Wrinkling due to decreased elasticity.
      - 20% decrease in thickness of dermis.
      - Decrease in turnover of epidermal cells
      - Greying of hair
    - - Decrease in alveolar surface area.
      - • Decrease in elastic recoil of the lung.
      - • Decrease in efficiency of gas exchange.
    - - Loss of muscle mass & strength
        Thinning of the bones
    - - Reduced motility
      - Reduced sphincters tone
      - Reduced absorption
      - Reduced detoxification by liver
      - Reduced intestinal microbiome
    - - Increased thickness of heart walls
      - Degenerative changes in the heart and blood vessels
      - Reduced elasticity of blood vessels (increased stiffness)
      - Increased systolic/diastolic blood pressure
      - Increased calcification and cholesterol deposition
    - - Shrinkage of brain
      - Degeneration of neurons
      - Reduced number and functions of synapses
    - - Menstrual periods stop permanently. Occurs in women at 48-52 years of age Drop in blood estrogens levels
  - - - Types of prevention
        
        Primary Prevention
        
        Tertiary Prevention
      - aim
        
        maintain or stabilize current health and function, lessen the impacts of disease and disability, and postpone or delay additional disability and functional limitations can be feasible goals.
- - - - The Fed state is the state where the body is digesting food and absorbing its nutrients
  - - - The fasting state is when your body has completely digested your last meal and insulin levels are low
- - - - such as
  - - - what it is
        
        Ageism refers to the stereotypes (how we think), prejudice (how we feel) and discrimination (how we act) towards others or oneself based on age.
      - how they're viewed
        
        The elderly are often depicted as weak, unattractive, and senile.
- - - - Obesity
        
        cardiovascular disease
        
        hearing loss (presbycusis)
        
        sarcopenia
        
        osteoporosis
        
        immunosenescence
        
        diabetes
        
        it is
        
        Accumulation of fat in the body that presents risk to health
        
        testing through
        
        Body Fat Test
        
        examinations such as
        
        4 more items...
        
        BMI Test
        
        done by
        
        1 more item...
  - - - Dealing with stereotypes
        
        Isolation
        
        anxiety
        
        depression
        
        suicide thoughts
        
        Delerium
        
        2 more items...
        
        loss of independence
        
        insomnia
        
        such as
  - - - Financial Insecurity
        
        Access to healthcare services
        
        Dependency on others
- - - - 5)More Diseases that affect the response to drugs.
  - - - Drug absorption
        
        Drug Distribution
        
        Drug metabolism
        
        Drug excretion
- - - - helps ease
    - - Recollecting old memories
  - - - Give yourself time
        
        Trip down a Memory Lane
        
        Crying
        
        Reconnect with family & friends
- - - - part of
      - They're given discount cards, special parkings, social club access and more.
    - - examples
        
        Sheikh Khalifa Medical City in Abu Dhabi city and Al Tawam Hospital in Al Ain
        Abu Dhabi Rehabilitation Centre
      - Family vs Institutional Care
        
        institutionalization of the elderly leads to loneliness, isolation, and eventually to depression.
- - - - Vitamin B12
        
        Potassium
        
        Calcium and Vitamin D
        
        Dietary Fiber
        
        Iron
        
        Vitamin A