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LGBT Health Disparities & Health Equity Promotion Model - Coggle…
LGBT Health Disparities
&
Health Equity Promotion Model
Studies showed that the LGBT population experiences poorer health outcomes than the non-LGBT population.
They have a higher risk of mental health disorders.
They have a higher rate of disability and physical limitations.
They have poorer general health (e.g. obesity, cardiovascular disease, asthma, cancer, HIV)
Evidence of health outcomes in the LGBT population is insufficient, and the study method is not inclusive enough.
This population is hard to approach by the general healthcare system (barriers to accessing healthcare).
This population is not included in current health policies.
Current study methods pay less attention to acknowledging both intergroup and intragroup variability.
Health Equity Promotion Model highlights heterogeneity and intersectionality in the LGBT population, which need to be considered in research, health promotion and policy making.
This population generally experiences higher than-normal social stigma, prejudice, and discrimination in employment, housing, and public accommodations.
However, different social positions differentiate individuals in this group and result in various health outcomes.
For example, people with a general expression of femininity or masculinity may experience different types of stressor.
For example, the transgender population has pronounced socioeconomic risk but has more extensive social networks than LGB groups.
The structural and environmental factors cause health disparity in this population.
These include social exclusion, social stigma on the structural level and discrimination and victimization on an individual level.
These factors induce adverse health behaviour in this population (e.g. unsafe sex, alcoholism, drug use)
These factors also hinder people in the group from seeking help form healthcare facilities.
Knowledge translation is still lagging in both the LGBT population and healthcare providers (e.g. low cervical screening rate, persistent use of conversion therapy)
Social inclusion has a positive effect on health outcomes in this population (e.g. legislation of same-sex marriage)
Health promotion needs to be more inclusive to improve health disparities in the LGBT population.
Health promotion needs to understand and use the resilience factors to help build up this population's coping skills.
Health promotion needs to shift its focus from illness-based to unique health needs in this population.
Health promotion needs to acknowledge diversity within the group.
Health promotion needs to advocate an anti-oppressive campaign for this population to make a systemic change.