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SPAIN: THE BOURBON REFORMS AND THEIR LIMITS, image, image, image, image,…
SPAIN: THE BOURBON REFORMS AND THEIR LIMITS
THE WAR OF SUCCESSION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES
Carlos II died without children
two pretenders
Carlos of Habsburg, Archduke of Austria
Prince Felipe of Bourbon, grandson of Louis XIV of France
Carlos II chose Felipe as his heir
Felipe became king as Felipe V between 1701 and 1702
in 1705 a civil war broke out bewteen
supporters of habsburgs
supporters of bourbons
the civil war ended with the Peace of Ultrech in 1713
Felipe renounced to his French territory
the civil war lasted until 1715
Nueva Planta decrees
he invoked the right of conquest
ECONOMIC REFORMS: FARMING
society
rural and dedicated to farm
agriculture continued to be rained cereals
largest landowners were privilege states, clergy and nobility
mayorazgos
lands owned by the noble families
inherited by their oldest son
manos muertas
lands owned by the Church
Clergymen and noblemen exploded small part of their land
the rest was given to peasants
old town councils owned land
couldn't be sold
were common lands
local people exploited for free
very important to the local economy
personal assets
rented to local people
%70 of the land could not be sold
ECONOMIC REFORMS: CRAFT
created trade schools
new textile sector in Barcelona
new printed cotton fabrics in Barcelona
royal manufacturers were set up
Real Fabrica de Cristales de La Granja
Real Fabrica de Paños de Birhuega
Real Fabrica de Porcelanas del Buen Retiro
Real Fabrica de Sedas de Talavera de la Reina
Real Fabrica de Paños De San Fernando de Henares
Real Fabrica de Hilados y Tejidos de Algodón
Real Fabrica de Tapices de Santa Barbara
fabrics made luxury and basic products
fabrics created many jobs but weren't profitable
FOREIGN POLICY
Spanish kings ally themselves with France
Family Compacts'
took part in the Seven Years' War (1756-1763)
when the war ended the Treaty of Paris
confirmed British hegemony
Spain had to cede Florida to Great Britain
Bourbon Monarchs in the 18th century
Felipe V (1724-1746)
he took again the throne because his son died
reigned until his death
Fernando VI (1746-1759)
had no children
was succeeded by his stepbrother Carlos III
Luis I (1724)
he was in the Throne for 6 months
he died early
succeeded by his own father
Carlos III ( 1759-1788)
crowned after abdicating as king of Sicily and Naples
main example of enlightened despotism
Felipe V (1700-1724)
he won the War of Succession for the throne
he abdicated in 1724
in favor of his son Luis
Carlos IV (1788-1808)
saw the transitional period between two eras
forced to abdicate in 1808
ECONOMIC REFORMS: TRADE
domestic trade
difficult
most comercial transactions were local
Bourbouns promoted public works
comunicación in Spain remained difficult
foreign trade
more important
with America (most important one)
libéralisation of the grain trade in 1766
buying and selling goods was regulated
the prices rose up and a revolt was caused
1766
Esqualiche Riots
POLITICAL REFORMS
Spanish Bourbons imposed an absolute monarchy
Felipe V and his successors tried to
turn the royal court into the centre of political decisions
old habsburg model replaced by cabinets
formed by ministers
territory
abolished aragonite institutions were replaced by new ones
Navarra and the Basque provinces' fueros remained
viceroyalities of New Granada and Rio de la Plata created
regalist policies carried out in the Church
