06 SPAIN: THE BOURBON REFORMS AND THEIR LIMITS

1 THE WAR OF SUCCESSION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES

Carlos II of Habsburg died

Were two pretenders to the throne

Felipe of Bourbon

Carlos of Habsburg

Felipe V was sworn in as king of the monarchy’s different kingdoms

Several kingdoms within the Hague Alliance declared war on France and on Felipe V

Hispanic Monarchy a civil war broke out in 1705

Between supporters of the Habsburgs and the Bourbons

The European war ended with the signing of the Peace of Utrecht in 1713

TERRITORIAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE TREATIES OF UTRECHT AND RASTATT

The civil war lasted until 1715

Felipe used the Nueva Planta decrees to abolish the courts, fueros, diputaciones generales, customs and fiscal systems

3 FOREIGN POLICY

Europe let Spanish kings with France in what are known as ‘Family Compacts'

This formed the Seven Years’ War (1756–1763)

When the war ended, the Treaty of Paris confirmed British hegemony in the world

When the war ended, the Treaty of Paris confirmed British hegemony in the world

BOURBON MONARCHS IN THE 18TH CENTURY

FELIPE V (1700–1724)

CARLOS III (1759–1788)

FELIPE V (1724–1746)

CARLOS IV (1788–1808)

FERNANDO VI (1746–1759)

He abdicated in favour of his son Luis in 1724

He had to win in the War of Succession to take the throne

He returned to the throne on the death of his first-born son

In the same year as his abdication, and reigned until his own death.

He had no children, so on his death

He was succeeded by one of his stepbrothers, Carlos III.

He was crowned in 1759 after abdicating as king of Naples and Sicily.

He is the main example of enlightened despotism in Spain

His reign began in 1788 and saw the transitional period between two eras

He ruled until 1808, when he was forced to abdicate

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LUIS I (1724)

He was on the throne for just over six months due to his early death

He was succeeded by his own father, Felipe V

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5 ECONOMIC REFORMS: TRADE

Domestic trade was difficult due to the rugged Spanish terrain and the poor conditions of the roads

That's why most commercial transactions were local

Foreign trade was more important, in particular with America

Between 1765 and 1778, Carlos III signed decrees approving free trade

In the ports of the Iberian Peninsula and others from Spanish America.

Carlos III decreed the liberalisation of the grain trade in 1765

6 ECONOMIC REFORMS: CRAFT

Enlightened governments favoured the popular or domestic craft industry,

There was a very robust new textile sector in the Barcelona area

Dedicated to producing printed cotton fabrics

The governments of the Hispanic Monarchy set up Royal manufacturers

They were factories created to make either luxury or basic products

Although they created many jobs

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