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06 SPAIN: THE BOURBON REFORMS AND THEIR LIMITS, image, image, image, image…
06 SPAIN: THE BOURBON REFORMS AND THEIR LIMITS
1 THE WAR OF SUCCESSION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES
Carlos II of Habsburg died
Were two pretenders to the throne
Felipe of Bourbon
Carlos of Habsburg
Felipe V was sworn in as king of the monarchy’s different kingdoms
Several kingdoms within the Hague Alliance declared war on France and on Felipe V
Hispanic Monarchy a civil war broke out in 1705
Between supporters of the Habsburgs and the Bourbons
The European war ended with the signing of the Peace of Utrecht in 1713
TERRITORIAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE TREATIES OF UTRECHT AND RASTATT
The civil war lasted until 1715
Felipe used the Nueva Planta decrees to abolish the courts, fueros, diputaciones generales, customs and fiscal systems
3 FOREIGN POLICY
Europe let Spanish kings with France in what are known as ‘Family Compacts'
This formed the Seven Years’ War (1756–1763)
When the war ended, the Treaty of Paris confirmed British hegemony in the world
When the war ended, the Treaty of Paris confirmed British hegemony in the world
BOURBON MONARCHS IN THE 18TH CENTURY
FELIPE V (1700–1724)
He abdicated in favour of his son Luis in 1724
He had to win in the War of Succession to take the throne
CARLOS III (1759–1788)
He was crowned in 1759 after abdicating as king of Naples and Sicily.
He is the main example of enlightened despotism in Spain
FELIPE V (1724–1746)
He returned to the throne on the death of his first-born son
In the same year as his abdication, and reigned until his own death.
CARLOS IV (1788–1808)
His reign began in 1788 and saw the transitional period between two eras
He ruled until 1808, when he was forced to abdicate
FERNANDO VI (1746–1759)
He had no children, so on his death
He was succeeded by one of his stepbrothers, Carlos III.
LUIS I (1724)
He was on the throne for just over six months due to his early death
He was succeeded by his own father, Felipe V
5 ECONOMIC REFORMS: TRADE
Domestic trade was difficult due to the rugged Spanish terrain and the poor conditions of the roads
That's why most commercial transactions were local
Foreign trade was more important, in particular with America
Between 1765 and 1778, Carlos III signed decrees approving free trade
In the ports of the Iberian Peninsula and others from Spanish America.
Carlos III decreed the liberalisation of the grain trade in 1765
6 ECONOMIC REFORMS: CRAFT
Enlightened governments favoured the popular or domestic craft industry,
There was a very robust new textile sector in the Barcelona area
Dedicated to producing printed cotton fabrics
The governments of the Hispanic Monarchy set up Royal manufacturers
They were factories created to make either luxury or basic products
Although they created many jobs
