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Industrial and post-industrial recreation - 1780-1900 (p1) - Coggle Diagram
Industrial and post-industrial recreation - 1780-1900 (p1)
R T B E K D O C
Rules
Time bound
Boundaries
Equipment
Kit
Division of labour
Officials
Competitions
The industrial revolution
first half
over crowding
poor hygiene and health
many too ill or tired to play sport
lack of space for sport
little spare time
long factory working hours
sunday for church
high cost of living
widespread poverty
no disposable income for sport
rapid development
machinery
factories set up
infrastructure
communication
transportation
people are able to move to and between cities
large towns and cities
large amounts of housing
lower numbers remain in fields
second half
new middle class
set up public baths
more energy for sport, hygiene improved
more disposable income
Saturday half day act
three class system
individuals work way up system and make their own businesses
schools
literacy rates improve
newspapers become more readily avalible
sport played in schools
spare time found
workers allowed out by factories during working hours to go play for factory team
transport and communication born
cheap
people travel for sport
British empire
national governing bodies created
widespread regulation in sport
well educated spread sport
teachers
factory owners
clergy
diplomats
army + navy officers
ex-public-school boys spread sport through clubs
urbanisation
low space for sports to be played
migration rural to urban
facilities - athletics and football stadiums born
large numbers move to cities
factories set up sport teams
poor hygiene, overcrowding
laws and rules to keep people safe and stop violence
mob games die out
transport and communication
teams and spectators could travel
cheap travel, different areas of country could be accessed, new sports made
sport played nationally
leagues
fixtures
co-divided
rules spread nationally, less variation between way sports played
resources become cheaper
increased knowledge of sport
improved education for working class
sport provision through factories
Factoreis act 1833
improved wokring conditions
reduced working hours
Saturday half day act
2pm finish
people can follow their team
travel to stadium
time to play more sport / train
broken time payments
factory teams leagues
commitment from players
travel
fixtures
regular training
money to compensate for loss of earning while representing club
churches
promoted sport
good form of social control
improved behaviour - steered away from drinking and wagering
used to promote Christian values
church teams set up
local authorities
public provision
enforcement of rules against violence
parks
promoting physical recreation
public baths
three-tier system
new middle class
self made
develop public provision
codification of sports
concern and empathy for working class
professionalism in sport - the rich would sponsor athletes
rational recreation
written rules
purpose built facilities
played regularly
weekends
established teams
national sports
transport
competition
respectable
violence band
more skilful and tactical
many spectators
wagering continues
becomes more of a social event
NGB's
control and organisation
set up by ex-public school boys and new middle class
they want everyone playing by the same rules
codification of sport
develop professionalism
commercialisation for funding
increase in clubs, fixtures, popularity
19th century
amature
Upper class, do not need to be paid to play
No pay
For fun
Play regularly, free time, lots of money
Amateur code of conduct
Ex public school boys
professional
Lower and some middle class
Needed pay, other wise they had better things to do with their time
Connected to a contract
Regular training requiring commitment
Need for money, would do anything to win, corruptible - wagering
Most middle class and upper class did not want to be associated
20th cent amateurism
High status
High moral code
Upper class
Top performers - training time
Controllers - powerful voices
gentlemen's amateur code
modern day
amateur
Grassroots
Play for fun
Play in free time
Can train and play matches for leisure
Often lower standard
To be an Olympian you must be an amateur - many grey lines
finance
Sponsorships
Scholarships
Trust funds
Gifts
Token jobs
Illegal payments
professional
Get paid to play
Strong commitment needed
High rewards
Their career
Generally most skilful
Sponsorship
Celebrity status
Increase in spectators
Televised
Role models
wenlock games
william penny brookes
born 1809
doctor
annual festival
wanted to better his towns health through sport
commercial sponsors from 1871
blueprint for revival of ancient Olympics
Baron Pierre De Coubertin
about celebration
inspired opening and closing ceremonies
simple written rules
rationalisation of:
track and field athletics
Much Wenlock Olympics - Dr Penny Brookes
foot racing and pedestrianism
1866 AAC
1896 first modern Olympics, athletics plays big part
1880 AAA
1922 women's AAA
1928 Olympics allowed women to compete
football
industrial revolution
no-one lived rural, slow stop in sport
laws to reduce violence - mob football stops
written rules - more fair
stadiums - increased spectators
businesses and churches set up teams
post industrial
gentleman amateurs
professionalism
NGOs
commercialisation
referees introduced
more rules
less voilence
everyone played the same game
order
modern
professional football illegal until 1884
money from TV and sponsorship
large incomes
top level athletes
lawn tennis
was exclusive
expensive faciliteis and equipment
large spectator sport
1873 development of lawn tennis as opposed to real tennis
wimbledon 1877
more tennis played with more free time