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PARLIAMENTARISM AND ENLIGHTED DEPOTISM, image, image, image, image, image,…
PARLIAMENTARISM AND ENLIGHTED DEPOTISM
ABSOLUTISM AND PARLIAMENTARISM
18th century
the political point of view
Parliamentary monarchies
developed institutional ad legal systems
they controlled the monarch's power
parlaments
courts
England the main example
Glorious Revolution 1688
new king and queen
William III
Mary II
they had to sign the Bill of Rights
remained stable during the 18th century
Parliamentary Republican Political Systems
remained in place in some European parts
governed by
the nobility
wealthy middle class
common in
the Italian Peninsula
the Holy Empire
achived economic and cultural development
inhabitants enjoyed individual freedoms
they had weak military power
Absolute monarchies
supported the superiority of the king's power
characteristics of absolute monarchies
growing centralization
permanent army under the king's orders
a royal treasury
marginalization of the courts
parliaments structured in estates
ENLIGHTED DESPOTISM
A variant of absolutism
incorporated trickledown reforms
the reforms didn't decrease the power of the monarchs
implemented in some European countries
enlightenment thinkers worked as
advisers
ministers
additional reforms
political reforms
no more
courts
parliaments
provincial government was reorganized
the wanted to strengthen the king's territorial power
economic reforms
increase income from royal state
improvements in
communication routes
agriculture
crafts
commerce
manual workers were taught skills
regalist reforms
regalista had their own entity
gain privileges within the Church
tax exemptions enjoyed by the clergy
monarchs that represented enlightened despotism
Louis XV of France
Frederick II of Prussia
Christian VII of Denmark
Catherine II of Russia
Christian VII of Denmark
Gustav III of Sweden
Joseph II of Austria
Catherine 'The Great' (1729-1796)
empress of Russia
example of enlighten despotism
she was in contact with important thinkers
only implemented the ideas that gave her power
her policies led to a popular uprising
