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management strategies that can be taken before an earthquake occurs -…

- - - - prevent deaths and injuries in the event of an earthquake
      - reduce economic loss as it helps to minimise the damage caused to infrastructure and buildings
    - - extremely expensive to implement thus not all acountries are able to afford it
      - extremely difficult to implement as stubborn owners and citizens are reluctant to move as they do not believe that an earthquake will occur
      - it may involve areas that are already built up or privately owned, thus government will have to buy land from private owners and pay compensation to citizens who are forced to move out
- - - - it helps to promote awareness among the population
      - it helps to reduce the level of panic and irrational behavior during the event of an earthquake
    - - it takes a long time to conduct, during which an earthquake could occur, giving people insufficient time to evacuate, causing even more deaths and injuries
      - when people do not take these drills seriously and do not cooperate, the effectiveness is greatly reduced, making it become inatequete
- - - - benefits
        
        promotes awareness towards tsunamis among the population
        
        it detects and issues warnings for people to evacuate, preventing loss of lives and damage to property, minimising economic loss
      - limitations
        
        by the time warnings are given out, there is often little time left to evacuate
        
        false alarms may be given when waves are high, and it can disrupt daily life as people have to evacuate. with the frequent occurrence of false alarms, people may not take it seriously
        
        it is only effective if people are aware and know how to move and evacuate
  - - - benefits
        
        it helps to minimise the loss of lives and damage to property by improving preparedness and response to earthquake
      - limitations
        
        data obtained can only give a general indication of how frequent and strong a major earthquake at a particular fault may be. precise information of future earthquakes cannot be given as well.
        
        even with earthquake sensors, earthquakes cannot be predicted in advance
        
        these devices are expensive to use, maintain and install, thus not all countries are able to afford it
- - - - it helps to reduce the collapse of buildings, which significantly reduces deaths, as most deaths are caused by the collapsing of buildings
      - it helps to reduce further economic loss and enables faster recovery
    - - it is extremely costly to build and maintain these earthquake proof infrastructures, thus not all countries are able to afford it, especially lower income countries
      - some existing buildings do not meet the required standards, and it can be expensive and time-consuming to convert all the existing buildings