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earthquakes - Coggle Diagram
earthquakes
key phrases
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aftershocks
aftershocks refers to the smaller earthquakes that take place after the major earthquake, they can be as powerful or more powerful than the initial one
impact of earthquakes
greater impact
if magnitude of earthquake is high, the impact is likely to be greater
if the earthquake is of shallow focus, the impact is likely to be larger
if the focus of the earthquake is in the upper 70km of the earth's crust, the impact is generally greater as the seismic waves reaches the surface more quickly
smaller impact
if the magnitude of an earthquake is low, the impact is likely to be smaller
if the earthquake is of deep focus, the impact is likely to be smaller
if the focus of the earthquake is between 70-700km beneath the surface, the impact is generally smaller as the seismic waves generally loses much of its energy by the time it reaches the surface
what are earthquakes
earthquakes are sudden tremors, vibrations or violent shaking of the ground due to the release of pressure and stress within the earth's crust along fault lines
causes of earthquakes
plate movements at all plate boundaries causes vibrations and shaking within the earth's crust, due to the friction of the moving plates. however, these plates do not move smoothly and might get stuck. when they get stuck, pressure and stress will build up slowly within the crust. when the rocks suddenly break loose and move, the previously built-up stress and pressure will be released in the form of seismic waves to the surface
locations of earthquakes
earthquakes generally take place at plat boundaries, especially at convergent plat boundaries because of the friction caused during subduction that builds up pressure. millions of earthquakes occur every year, but 75% of them occur at the Pacific Ring of Fire. but earthquakes can sometimes take place away from plate boundaries