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Cell theory - Coggle Diagram
Cell theory
Eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells do have true, membrane-bound compartments within the cell membrane.
All of the organisms in kingdoms above the prokaryotes are Eukaryotes: Protists, Fungi, Animals and Plants.
Eukaryotes have membrane bound compartments within the cell, one of which forms the nucleus.
The nucleus not only contains the genetic material of the cells, but it is the control tower where the genetic material is utilized to make enzymes.
Prokaryotes, of course, also contain genetic material and utilize the genetic material for structural and functional purposes. However, the genetic material is not encased in a membrane bound unit.
Some eukaryotes are unicellular, such as many within the Protist kingdom.
Most protists however are multicellular. These cells are much more complex than those of the prokaryotes.
In addition to a nucleus, they contain many membrane-bound compartments, or organelles, that have highly specialized functions.
An important advantage of a multicellular, eukaryotic organism is that much more complex activities can be carried out because different cells can specialize for the benefit the whole organism.
The human body is made up of millions of cells, which are all the progeny of a single cell. All of these cells, however, are genetically identical. During development of the embryo specialization of the cells occurs. This allows the embryo to have multiple organs and tissues that perform specific functions.
Cell theory
All cells share the characteristics, yet there are important classifications of cells, based mainly upon how cells organize their interior spaces.
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Cell theory further requires that cells multiply by division to produce new cells and that the new cells receive a complete copy of the genetic material of the parent cell.
Cell theory requires that metabolism take place within the cell itself. Because each cell has an identical copy of the genetic material, each is capable of creating whatever structures or enzymes are necessary to do its job. Which job it does depends upon its development, from embryology to its current time, but the cell is equipped by virtue of its DNA content, to do any job in the body.
Characteristics
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Cells originate from other cells, and life does not arise spontaneously from nonliving matter.
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Prokaryotic cells
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These cells are thought to be the original life forms on earth, the ancestors of all the more complex organism that we know of today.