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Arleth Rodriguez Per 3 Skeletal - Coggle Diagram
Arleth Rodriguez
Per 3
Skeletal
Bone fracture
Greenstick
- Fracture is incomplete
and the break occurs on the
convex surface of the bend of the bone
Fissured
- Fracture is an incomplete
longitudinal break
Comminuted
- Fracture is incomplete
and fragments the bone
Transverse
- Fracture is complete
and the breack occura at a right angle
to the axis of the bone
Oblique
- Fraction occurs at an
angle other than a right angle
to the axis of the bone
Spiral
- Fracture is caused by
exesive twistung of the bone
Joints
Fibrous
- Articulating bones are fastened
together by a thin layer of connective tissue.
Cartilaginous
- Articulating bones
are connected by hyaline cartilage
or fibrocartilage.
Synovial
- Articulating ends of bones are surrounded by a joint capsule of ligaments and synovial membranes
Ball-and-socket
- Ball-shaped head of one bone articulates with cup-shaped cavity of another.
Condylar
- Oval shaped condyle of one bone articulates with elliptical cavity of another.
Plane
- Articulating surfaces are
nearly flat or slightly curved.
Hinge
- Convex surface of one bone
articulates with concave surface of
another.
Pivot
- Cylindrical surface of one bone
articulates with ring of bone and ligament.
Saddle
- Articulating surfaces have both
concave and convex regions; the surface of
one bone fits the complementary surface of another.
Types of bones
All bones
Bone tissue
Female vs. Male skeleton
Pelvic girdle
- Female hip bones are lighter, thinner, and have less evidence of muscular attachments. The female obturator foramina are triangular, whereas the male's
are oval. The female acetabula are smaller and the pubic arch is wider than corresponding structures of a male.
Pelvic cavity
- Female pelvic cavity is wider in all diameters and is shorter, roomier, and less
funnel-shaped. The distances between the female ischial spines and ischial tuberosities are greater than in a male.
Sacrum
- Female sacrum is wider, and the sacral curvature is bent more sharply posteriorly
than in a male.
Coccyx
- Female coccyx is more movable than that of a male.
Long bone
Types of Joint Movements
Flexion
- bending parts at a joint,
so that the angle between them decreases
Extension
- straightening parts at
a joint, so that the angle between them
increases
Lateral flexion
- bending the head, neck, or
trunk to the side
Hyperextension
- straightening beyond
normal anatomical position
Abduction
- moving a body part away from the midline
Adduction
- moving a body part toward the midline
Dorsiflexion
- ankle movement that brings the foot closer to the shin
Plantar flexion
- ankle movement that moves the foot farther from the shin; points the toes
Rotation
- movement of a part around an axis
Circumduction
- movement of a part so its end follows a circular path
Pronation
- rotation of forearm so that the palm is facing
downward or posteriorly
Supination
- rotation of forearm so that the palm is facing
upward or anteriorly
Inversion
- turning the sole (plantar surface) of the foot medially
Eversion
- turning the sole (plantar surface) of the foot laterally
Protraction
- moving a part of the body forward
Retraction
- moving a part of the body backward
Elevation
- raising a part of the body
Depression
- lowering a part of the body