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ZOOMING IN AND OUT OF SOCIAL CLASS - Coggle Diagram
ZOOMING IN AND OUT OF SOCIAL CLASS
COLLINS -- MICROFOUNDATIONS OF MACROSOCIOLOGY
micro
:
founded on daily encounters
doings + sayings in the flow of momentarily experience
empirical reality of social life, what we can actually grasp
we can only be in these (empirically)
macro
:
large scale + long term processes
social structure, norms, culture stb. pl. ritual
we see them as things, but should be seen as processes
how do they emerge?
pl. division of society into social classes; gender inequality
structure: a relatively durable + extensive pattern of relationships
together they form something we recognise pl. structural marginalization
emerges from repeated micro-situations
micro-macro difference: in time
REIFICATION
: turning a social process into a thing
WHERE TO FIND CASUALITY
what makes these phenomenas emerge?
causality: certain conditions bring something about
it can shape an existing phenomenon/create a new one
there is casual power at macro level as well
indirect
: people acting upon
reifications + abstractions
when people start to believe In crime rates --» they act upon it --» it becomes a reality
culultative history of micro repetition (routines)
direct
: the distribution of people across time and space
CRITIQUES OF EXTANT MICRO APPROACHES
problems with
symbolic interactionism
meaningful cognition doesn't guide social behaviour; it only helps to understand it retrospectively
we can't really grasp the knowledge on how to do something
we are all rational actors
utilitaristic
: the use of certain things we do
it's very hard to calculate the outcomes of social interactions
instead of meanings, calculations, norms:
emotions
everyone is looking for group membership
what makes a person a member of a group?
insensity of the bonds in it
how people judge the power of the groups
mechanism that produces these group feelings:
Interaction Ritual Chains
participation + positioning depends on what people bring to the IR
cultural resources + Emotional Energy
combination of the two --» way to exclude others
it can be explained in figurations too
IRs produce
social stratification
differences in EE
the more powerful the group --» the greater EE gained from IRs
the more intense IR --» the more EE
dominant positions increase, subordinate positions decrease EE
power rituals: draining for most participants except the dominant ones
Macro-structrual shifts
shifts in generalised cultural resources
specific type of IR can be closed off for some people (pl. language, religion)
broader diffusion
belonging, recognition, confidence, rejection, fear shame