Knowledge management :

is a process of

Knowledge capturing :

and

Knowledge sharing : ✅

Several models and frameworks were proposed namely

The Actors Framework

Inkpen and Dinur’s Knowledge Transfer Model

Szulanski’s Knowledge Stickiness

SECI

proposed by

Lee and Al-Hawamdeh (2002)

model

fig1

Factors Arising From The Actors are

Communication Skills

People Skills

Motivation

Absorptive Capacity

Reputation

Appreciation of the Importance of Knowledge

Incompatible Personality

Disciplinary Ethnocentrism

Technophobia

Factors Arising From The Channel are

Documentation

Face-to-Face: Unmediated

Face-to-Face: Technology Mediated

proposed by

Inkpen and Dinur

classified as

Decision Making Structure and Processes

culture

Strategy

Technology and operations

Environment

features are

• Culture clash and differences among units

• Organizational and national cultures

features are

• Choice of a strategy

• Stated goals and objectives

• Strategic group or niche

features are

Uncertainty, and casual ambiguity

• Industry volatility and life cycle

• Location

• Relationship with other firms as well as with political and legal agents

features are

Education and skills of employees

• Available physical equipment and experience with similar technology

• Firm infrastructure

• Turnover of inventory, equipment and people

• Efficiency and quality

• Fit between culture and knowledge

features are

Uncertainty, and casual ambiguity

• Industry volatility and life cycle

• Location

• Relationship with other firms as well as with political and legal agents

overview

image

steps involved are

Tacit to tacit (Socialisation)

Tacit to Explicit (Externalisation)

Explicit to Explicit (Combination)

Explicit to Tacit (Internalisation)

model

image

proposed by

Szulanski

proposed by

Nonaka and Takeuchi

involves 4 stages namely

initiation

implementation

ramp-up

integration:

comprises

all events leading up to the decision to transfer
knowledge

refers to

to the resource flows between the recipient and source.

begins

when the recipient starts applying the transferred knowledge.

becomes possible

once the recipent achieves success with the
transferred knowledge.

is a process of

capturing, sharing, developing, and using the knowledge
efficiently

Knowledge transfer

Bock and Kim
in 2002

as

Rethinking the complexity of virtual work and knowledge sharing

tangaraja

“KS is a social interaction culture, involving the exchange of employee knowledge, experiences and skills through the whole department or
organization

KS is an act of making knowledge available to
others within the organization

KS involves an exchange of knowledge
between individuals through the actions of KS involves an exchange of knowledge
between individuals through the actions of

describes

suppaih and sandhu

elements are

he processes involved

The characteristic of KT

Occurrence level:

as

as

describes

chang

The process through which the knowledge state of one actor is affected by that of another and the outcome is, knowledge is passed from the source to
the destination

peng

KT involves both transmission (source) and receipt of
knowledge (recipient)

image

involves

features are

behavioural features

non behavioural features

knowledge identifying, recognizing, acquiring/absorbing,
assimilating and applying/utilizing by the recipient

namely

knowledge application

namely

(knowledge identification, knowledge recognition, knowledge acquisition/ absorption and
knowledge assimilation

involves

group, team, department and organization,

characteristics are

A critical stage in KT (personalization)

Active source knowledge provider

Involves one-way sharing action (one process i.e. giving knowledge)

Occurs at individual level

People-to-people process

A behavioural attribute

Has been viewed as a reflect

bi directional

IN SME

is done in

4 stages

database selection for the search

identifying keywords, subject area and constructing search strings

inclusion and exclusion criteria

selection of review methods to examine literature

image

example

example

image

image

features are

To extract the literature, Elsevier’s Scopus database was adopted for its user-friendly sorting
and ranking features

features are

A keyword search using various combinations was performed on the Scopus database to
extract publications

features

analyze the data and make the crucial notes of the work

Cluster 1

Cluster 3

Cluster 2

Cluster 4

Cluster 5

Cluster 6

features are

Impact of KS,KT, and KE on
organizational performance

features are

Technological influence of KS and KT
at organizational level

features are

IT influence on KS performance

features are

Behavioral and relationship-oriented
antecedents of KS/KT/KE in SMEs

features are

Behavioral and relationship-oriented
antecedents of KS/KT/KE in SMEs

features are

Structural and processual antecedents
contributing to KS and KT

KT requires the willingness of individuals to work with others and share knowledge for mutual benefits and the knowledge absorption capacity of the recipient

The process through which the knowledge state of one actor is affected by that of another and the outcome is, knowledge is passed from the source to the destination

KS is the process where individuals mutually exchange their (implicit and explicit) knowledge