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"Finding A Voice", "Pocho, cultural traitor, you're…
"Finding A Voice"
Feminist Critique
Gloria Anzaldua's "How to Tame A Wild Tongue"
"The First time I heard two women, a Puerto Rican and a Cuban, say the word "nosotras", I was shocked... We are robbed of our female being by the masculine plural. Language is a male discourse."
The Masculine Plural, as Anzaldua says, is so engraved into her culture that she had never even considered that there could be a feminine plural.
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She is criticized when she speaks English, but she is also criticized when she is speaking Spanish
Chicano Spanish is a combination of English and Spanish and used by individuals who can't identify with just one or the other
"...as long as I have to accommodate the English speakers than having them accommodate me, my tongue will be illegitimate."
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Police Brutality
Rudy Salas Jr. "My Enemy" (Twilight LA)
""They took me to a room/ and they locked the door behind me/ and there was four guys, four cops there/ kicking me in the head/ As a result of the kicks in the head they fractures my/ eardrum"
- clearly police using their power to harm others, specifically minorities that had been wearing zoot-suits in this case
- the officers beat Salas into deafness
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PTSD :
Christian Wiman's "The Limit"
“…when my best friend John shot his father in the face. It was an accident, Iʼm certain, and but for the fact that Iʼd dropped a couple of shotgun shells as I was fumbling to reload, the shot could have been mine.”
- This is the opening memory in essay and most likely the more traumatic experience in Wiman's life
- Keeps coming back to this memory in flashbacks
- extreme guilt that shot could have been his furthers trauma
"But anything that suggested madness rather than control, illness rather than health, feminine interiority rather than masculine actions, was off-limits"
Anything that considered "feminine" was considered off-limits, and instead masculine ideals were pushed forward
Much like the mental health family history that was hidden from Wiman to promote "control and health", seemingly femine actions were replaced with hunting, guns, and physical violence (anything "manly")
- no true expression of self
- pushing forward toxic masculinity
- Feminine interiority is interior quality or character/ feminine expression
- masculine action like fighting and use of guns preferred over taking up a profession that is considered "feminine" like writing
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"Pocho, cultural traitor, you're speaking the oppressor's language by speaking English, you're ruining the Spanish language"
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