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REVOLUTIONS AND THE RESTORATION OF ABSOLUTISM
01 THE FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Historical significance
Industrialisation and the industrial revolution
began in the middle of the 18th century
changed the course of history
humanity had not experienced
such huge changes since the Neolithic Period.
Neolithic revolution
the start of a very long proces
From a nomadic and predatory life ---> to a sedentary and productive one
With the industrialisation
productive activities took place over two centuries
Changed
Economy
Society
had an impact on the environment
2 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
The Industrial Revolution
was the gradual transition
from a society based on agriculture---> to one based on industry
this process did not take place at the same time in all the countries
The economies developed in different speeds
the world was classified into
developed countries
developing countries
3 ENGLAND: THE HOME OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
The First Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain
started in 1750
changes in the way things were produced
English economy
was not fully industrialised
technical and scientific advances
One of the causes of the Industrial Revolution
This made it possible to
mechanise all manufacturing stages
and put them together in factories
By concentrating machines and workers in the same place,
that caused the prices of manufactured goods to fall.
cost of production was lower
The agricultural revolution
The increase in agricultural productivity
helped feed the growing urban population.
Property owners
benefited from advances in agriculture
invested part of their profits in factories.
Expansion of the British empire
the expansion of its empire also stimulated
the expansion of its empire also stimulated the start of the Industrial Revolution
The British sell English industrial products to
Colonies
Other countries
this resulted an increase in demand for industrial products
The steam engine and the industrial development
steam engine was the cornerstone of the First Industrial Revolution
The problem with the growing demand
that it had to be brought from deep underground
Thomas Newcomen
developed a steam-powered machine to pump out water
James Watt improved it in 1763
This replaced
human power
animal power
could be adapted to many uses
Agriculture
textile
The textile industry was pioneering
Machines that used hydraulic energy were replaced
by mechanical looms
The steel industry was also transformed
demand for iron instruments
and machinery
agricultural
textile sectors
