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cultural variations - Coggle Diagram
cultural variations
findings
However, the proportion of secure attachments varied from 75% in Great Britain to only 50 % in China.
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6 out of the 8 countries produced findings that were proportionally very similar to the pattern found by Ainsworth (1970) i.e. secure, ins-avoidant then ins-resistant.
weakness
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an analysis by van IJzendoorn & Sagi (2001) found that distributions of different attachment types in an urban area of Tokyo were similar to Ainsworth studies.
although van IJzendoorn & Kroonenberg claimed that their meta-analysis explored different cultures, the comparisons were only made between different ‘children’ and not the cultures themselves
However, a more rural sample in Tokyo had an over-representation of insecure-resistant individuals.
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strength
IJzendoorn & Kroonenberg meta analysis a total of approximately 2000 babies were used, as well as their primary attachment figures.
overall sample size used in a study is very important because a large sample size increases internal validity of the findings of research into cultural variations in attachment
A strength of combining the results of studies of attachment carried out in different cultures is that it provides a very, very large sample
weakness
the apparent comparison between cultures might not genuinely reflect how much attachment types do actually vary between cultures.
disproportionately high number of the studies reviewed being conducted in the USA (18/32), and therefore the overall findings would have been distorted by this.
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strange situation has been used in a variety of cultural settings to identify whether patterns of attachments appear to be universal or are subject to cultural influences